Science & Technology Current Affairs Quiz — All time
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
What did the ARIES study of more than 6,000 open clusters, reported in September 2025, find about interstellar dust in the Milky Way?
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Correct answer: D — It forms a thin, wavy layer rather than being evenly distributed
The study led by Dr. Y. C. Joshi found that the dust is not evenly distributed and instead forms a thin, wavy layer.
India's second contract with the International Seabed Authority for polymetallic sulphides exploration, signed on 15 September 2025, covers an area in which feature of the Indian Ocean?
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Correct answer: C — Carlsberg Ridge
The 15-year contract gives India exclusive rights to explore polymetallic sulphides in an allotted 10,000 sq km area of the Carlsberg Ridge.
Consider the following statements about India's PMS exploration contract with the ISA signed in September 2025: 1. India became the first country to hold two ISA contracts for polymetallic sulphides exploration. 2. The contract is valid for 30 years. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct: India is the first country with two ISA PMS contracts (the earlier, from 2016, covers the Central and Southwest Indian Ridges). Statement 2 is incorrect: the contract is for 15 years.
The International Seabed Authority, with which India signed its second PMS exploration contract, is based in which country?
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Correct answer: B — Jamaica
The International Seabed Authority, the UN body that regulates mineral exploration in international seabed areas, is based in Jamaica.
The 'AI for Viksit Bharat Roadmap' and the Frontier Tech Repository were launched on 15 September 2025 under which NITI Aayog platform?
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Correct answer: D — Frontier Tech Hub
NITI Aayog launched both initiatives under its Frontier Tech Hub, which the Finance Minister likened to a honeycomb bringing together government, industry and innovators.
Which two levers does NITI Aayog's 'AI for Viksit Bharat Roadmap' highlight?
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Correct answer: A — Accelerating AI adoption across industries, and transforming R&D with generative AI
The roadmap highlights two major levers: accelerating adoption of AI across industries to enhance productivity and efficiency, and transforming R&D with generative AI.
The Assam Bioethanol Plant inaugurated by the Prime Minister on 14 September 2025 at Numaligarh produces ethanol from which feedstock?
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Correct answer: A — Bamboo
The PM inaugurated the Assam Bioethanol Plant at Numaligarh Refinery Limited, a modern plant that produces bio-ethanol from bamboo.
The Kuruwa–Narengi Bridge, whose foundation stone was laid in Darrang on 14 September 2025, is being built over which river?
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Correct answer: C — Brahmaputra
The Kuruwa–Narengi Bridge is over the Brahmaputra; the PM said it will cut travel time between Guwahati and Darrang to a few minutes.
Consider the following statements about the projects launched by the PM in Assam on 14 September 2025: 1. The Guwahati Ring Road will connect five national highways, two state highways, one airport, three railway stations and one inland water terminal. 2. The polypropylene plant whose foundation stone was laid is located at Bongaigaon Refinery. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct: the PM said the ring road will create Assam's first seamless multi-modal connectivity network linking these assets. Statement 2 is incorrect: the polypropylene plant is at Numaligarh Refinery Limited in Golaghat.
What nationwide mission did the Prime Minister announce at Darrang on 14 September 2025, citing threats from infiltration in border regions?
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Correct answer: C — Demography Mission
The PM said conspiracies were under way to alter the demographics of border regions through infiltration, posing a serious threat to national security, and announced a nationwide Demography Mission.
Which health education project was among those whose foundation stone the PM laid in Darrang on 14 September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Darrang Medical College & Hospital
The Darrang projects included Darrang Medical College & Hospital along with a GNM School and B.Sc. Nursing College.
With which agency did UPSC collaborate for its AI-enabled facial authentication pilot during the NDA and CDS examinations on 14 September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — National e-Governance Division (NeGD)
The pilot was undertaken in collaboration with the National e-Governance Division (NeGD) at select centres in Gurugram.
In which city were the select centres where UPSC piloted AI-based facial recognition on 14 September 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Gurugram
The pilot was carried out at select centres in Gurugram, with about 2,700 successful scans for 1,129 candidates.
Through which platform did the Agriculture Ministry send AI-based monsoon forecasts by SMS to about 3.8 crore farmers in 2025?
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Correct answer: B — m-Kisan
The ministry sent AI-based monsoon forecasts via SMS through m-Kisan to nearly 3.8 crore farmers across 13 states.
The AI-based monsoon forecasts sent to farmers in 2025 blended which two open-access models?
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Correct answer: C — Google's NeuralGCM and ECMWF's AIFS
The forecasts used by the ministry were a blend of Google's NeuralGCM and the ECMWF's Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS), which outperformed other forecasts at predicting local monsoon onset.
What is the maximum support per project under the ₹100 crore call for proposals for hydrogen start-ups launched in September 2025?
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Correct answer: C — ₹5 crore
The scheme provides up to ₹5 crore per project for pilots in innovative hydrogen production, storage, transport and utilisation technologies.
Consider the following statements about the National Green Hydrogen Mission: 1. It was launched in 2023 with an outlay of ₹19,744 crore. 2. R&D and innovation is one of its four pillars. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct: the Mission was launched in 2023 with an outlay of ₹19,744 crore and rests on four pillars, namely policy and regulatory framework, demand creation, R&D and innovation, and enabling infrastructure.
Aspergillus dhakephalkarii and Aspergillus patriciawiltshireae, reported in September 2025, are new species of which organism group?
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Correct answer: A — Black aspergilli (fungi)
They are two new species of Aspergillus section Nigri, commonly known as black aspergilli, a group of filamentous fungi, found in Western Ghats soil.
Which institute's researchers identified two new Aspergillus species from the Western Ghats in 2025?
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Correct answer: C — MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune
Researchers from MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, an autonomous institute of DST, made the identification.
Fossil leaves from which geological formation in Nagaland helped link Antarctic ice formation to the early Indian monsoon, per a DST release of September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Laisong Formation
The study used well-preserved fossil leaves, about 34 million years old, from the Laisong Formation in Nagaland.
According to the BSIP–WIHG study, how did the growth of Antarctic ice about 34 million years ago bring intense monsoon rains to Northeast India?
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Correct answer: D — By shifting the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
The research found that the growth of Antarctic ice reshaped global wind and rainfall patterns by shifting the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a major rain belt.
Scientists at INST Mohali reported in September 2025 that cholesterol-based nanomaterials could be used in which emerging technology?
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Correct answer: A — Spintronics
INST Mohali introduced cholesterol-based nanomaterials as platforms for quantum technologies and spintronic applications.
Which property of cholesterol makes it an ideal platform for the spin-controlling materials developed at INST Mohali?
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Correct answer: C — Intrinsic handedness (chirality)
The release said cholesterol's intrinsic handedness (chirality) and flexibility enable precise control over molecular properties.
According to Union Minister Jitendra Singh at the International Conference on Space 2025, by which year does India aim to land an Indian astronaut on the Moon?
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Correct answer: D — 2040
The Minister said India's goals include a Bharatiya Space Station by 2035 and an Indian astronaut on the Moon by 2040.
Which organisation hosted the International Conference on Space 2025 inaugurated on 8 September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
The conference was organised by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII).
What was the theme of the International Conference on Space 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Harnessing Space for Global Progress: Innovation, Policy, and Growth
The conference was themed 'Harnessing Space for Global Progress: Innovation, Policy, and Growth'.
According to IMD, how long did the totality of the lunar eclipse of 7–8 September 2025 last?
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Correct answer: A — 1 hour 23 minutes
IMD said totality lasted from 23:00 IST on 7 September to 00:23 IST on 8 September, a duration of 1 hour 23 minutes; the whole eclipse lasted 3 hours 30 minutes.
As per IMD, when will the next lunar eclipse visible from India occur after the one of 7–8 September 2025?
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Correct answer: D — 3 March 2026
IMD said the next lunar eclipse visible from India will be on 3 March 2026, and it will be a total lunar eclipse.
Which unit of the India Meteorological Department issued the official press release on the total lunar eclipse of September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Positional Astronomical Centre, Kolkata
The press release was issued by IMD's Positional Astronomical Centre, Kolkata, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
The 18th International Earth Science Olympiad (IESO-2025), where India won seven medals, was held in which country?
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Correct answer: B — China
IESO-2025 was held at Jining, China, from 8 to 16 August 2025.
What was Team India's medal tally at IESO-2025?
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Correct answer: D — 1 gold, 4 silver, 2 bronze
Team India secured seven medals – 1 gold, 4 silver and 2 bronze.
Which student won India's gold medal at IESO-2025?
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Correct answer: A — Rayansh Gupta
Rayansh Gupta of Sat Paul Mittal School, Ludhiana, won gold, silver and the I-GYM 3rd prize.
What was the theme of World Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Day 2025, observed by DEPwD on 7 September?
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Correct answer: B — Family: The Heart of Care
DEPwD observed the day with the theme 'Family: The Heart of Care'.
The 'BioE3' Policy, whose first anniversary was marked in September 2025, integrates biotechnology with which three Es?
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Correct answer: B — Economy, Environment and Employment
The BioE3 Policy integrates Biotechnology with Economy, Environment and Employment.
Which institution hosted 'BioE3@1' on 6 September 2025 to mark the first anniversary of the BioE3 Policy?
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Correct answer: C — ICGEB, New Delhi
The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, hosted BioE3@1.
What was the theme of 'BioE3@1', held on 6 September 2025 to mark the first anniversary of the BioE3 Policy?
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Correct answer: D — Institute–Industry Interaction for Climate Resilient Agriculture and Clean Energy
BioE3@1 was themed 'Institute–Industry Interaction for Climate Resilient Agriculture and Clean Energy'.
According to the Department of Pharmaceuticals at India MedTech Expo 2025, India's domestic share in medical devices rose from under 10% to what level over five years?
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Correct answer: C — 30%
Secretary Amit Agrawal said the domestic share rose from under 10% to 30% in the last five years (20% for high-end products).
Where was the second edition of India MedTech Expo 2025 held from 4 to 6 September 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
The 2nd edition of India MedTech Expo 2025 was held at Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi.
Which country promised at India MedTech Expo 2025 to work with India to harmonise regulatory approvals for medical devices?
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Correct answer: B — Algeria
Algeria promised to work together with India to harmonise regulatory approvals for medical devices.
According to the Department of Pharmaceuticals at India MedTech Expo 2025, India's medical device exports have risen to what level in the last five years?
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Correct answer: D — More than $4 billion
The release said medical device exports jumped to more than $4 billion in the last five years.
Which institute, along with NDTL, developed the rare anti-doping reference material 'Methandienone Long-Term Metabolite' launched in September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — NIPER Guwahati
NIPER Guwahati, in collaboration with NDTL New Delhi, developed the reference material.
The anti-doping reference material developed by NIPER Guwahati and NDTL may be shared with how many WADA-accredited laboratories worldwide?
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Correct answer: D — 30
The release says the material may be shared with all 30 WADA-accredited laboratories worldwide.
Where was SEMICON India 2025 held from 2 to 4 September 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Yashobhoomi, Dwarka, New Delhi
SEMICON India 2025 concluded at Yashobhoomi, Dwarka, New Delhi.
Participants from how many countries and regions took part in SEMICON India 2025?
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Correct answer: D — 48
The event brought together over 350 exhibiting companies and participants from 48 countries and regions.
Under which mission will IMD install four additional radars in Jammu and Kashmir, as announced in September 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Mission Mausam
Dr. Jitendra Singh said IMD will install 4 additional radars in J&K under Mission Mausam.
How many IMD radars were already operational in Jammu and Kashmir when four more were announced in September 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Three
The Minister said four additional radars would be installed, with three radars already operational.
Which institute led the study, reported in September 2025, providing the strongest observational evidence of interstellar dust grains aligning with the Galaxy's magnetic field?
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Correct answer: B — Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru
The team was led by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru, an autonomous institute of DST.
The IIA-led dust alignment study used the POL-2 polarimeter on which telescope?
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Correct answer: A — James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, Hawaii
The researchers used the POL-2 polarimeter on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii to map the cloud G34.43+0.24.
Where did PM Modi inaugurate SEMICON India 2025 on 2 September 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Yashobhoomi, New Delhi
The Prime Minister inaugurated SEMICON India 2025 at Yashobhoomi in New Delhi.
At SEMICON India 2025, PM Modi described chips as:
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Correct answer: B — Digital diamonds
The PIB release quotes the Prime Minister: 'Chips are digital diamonds'.
The India Semiconductor Mission, whose first Made-in-India chips were presented to the PM in September 2025, was launched in:
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Correct answer: A — December 2021
Launched in December 2021, the ISM moved from approvals to production in about three and a half years.
The 'Deep Tech Alliance' announced at SEMICON India 2025 has close to how much committed?
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Correct answer: D — $1 billion
Ashwini Vaishnaw announced the Deep Tech Alliance with close to a billion dollars already committed.
Consider the following statements made at SEMICON India 2025: 1. The first set of Made-in-India chips presented to the PM came from a pilot line. 2. ISM 2.0 is planned to cover only chip design, leaving fabs and OSAT out of scope. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The first chips came from a pilot line. ISM 2.0 will broaden support for fabs, OSAT units, capital equipment and materials to cover the entire value chain, so statement 2 is wrong.
When was India's Account Aggregator framework officially launched?
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Correct answer: C — 2 September 2021
The AA framework was officially launched on 2 September 2021; RBI's Master Directions had been issued in 2016.
In India's Digital Public Infrastructure stack, the Account Aggregator framework serves as which layer?
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Correct answer: C — Data exchange layer
AA was recognised during India's G20 Presidency as the data exchange layer, complementing Aadhaar (identity) and UPI (payments).
Consider the following statements about the Account Aggregator ecosystem as of September 2025: 1. RBI issued the Master Directions for Account Aggregators in 2016, before the framework's official launch. 2. Fewer than 50 crore financial accounts have been enabled for data sharing through the framework. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
RBI issued the Master Directions in 2016 and the framework launched in 2021. Over 2.2 billion (220 crore) accounts are enabled, so statement 2 is wrong.
The 'Kapas Kisan' app launched in September 2025 was developed by:
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Correct answer: B — Cotton Corporation of India
The Kapas Kisan app was developed by the Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) under the Ministry of Textiles for MSP cotton procurement.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a feature of the Kapas Kisan app?
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Correct answer: D — Crop loan disbursement
The app offers self-registration, slot booking, real-time updates and payment tracking; crop loan disbursement is not among its listed features.
Which institute's study, reported in September 2025, found airborne pathogenic bacteria to be twice as high over densely populated parts of Delhi?
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Correct answer: A — Bose Institute
Scientists from the Bose Institute, an autonomous institute of DST, carried out the study.
According to the Bose Institute study on Delhi's air, airborne pathogenic bacteria hitch a ride mainly on:
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Correct answer: B — PM2.5 particles
The study found pathogenic bacteria were higher due to higher concentrations of PM2.5, whose tiny particles carry bacteria deep into the lungs.
After the avian influenza incident at the Delhi Zoo in 2025, frontline staff were screened by a team from:
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Correct answer: B — National Centre for Disease Control
Frontline staff handling the aviary, disinfection and carcass disposal were screened by a team from the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).
'Adi Vaani', launched in beta in September 2025, is:
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Correct answer: B — India's first AI-powered translator for tribal languages
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the beta of Adi Vaani, India's first AI-powered translation platform for tribal languages.
Which institution led the national consortium that developed the Adi Vaani platform?
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Correct answer: C — IIT Delhi
Adi Vaani was developed by a national consortium led by IIT Delhi, with BITS Pilani, IIIT Hyderabad, IIIT Nava Raipur and State TRIs.
Consider the following pairs of tribal languages supported by Adi Vaani at the beta stage and the state named with them in the launch release: 1. Bhili – Madhya Pradesh 2. Gondi – Jharkhand Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The release lists Santali (Odisha), Bhili (Madhya Pradesh), Mundari (Jharkhand) and Gondi (Chhattisgarh). So pair 1 is correct and pair 2 is wrong.
The All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, whose diamond jubilee the President attended in September 2025, is located in:
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Correct answer: A — Mysuru
President Murmu attended the diamond jubilee of AIISH at Mysuru, Karnataka.
Consider the following statements about the All India Institute of Speech and Hearing (AIISH): 1. It was established in 1965. 2. It is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
AIISH was established in 1965 and is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, not the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. So only statement 1 is correct.
In September 2025, the Department of Posts signed an MoU with which GIS company to strengthen DIGIPIN?
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Correct answer: B — Esri India
The Department of Posts signed an MoU with Esri India Technologies to use its imagery and basemaps for the DIGIPIN portal.
The IUCAA-led study publicised on 31 August 2025 used which type of stars to measure the Hubble constant independently of Cepheids?
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Correct answer: D — Oxygen-rich Mira variable stars
The study used 40 oxygen-rich Mira variable stars in 18 clusters of our galaxy as anchors.
Precise geometric distances to the star clusters in the IUCAA Mira study were provided by:
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Correct answer: C — ESA's Gaia mission
The release says the European Space Agency's Gaia mission provided precise geometric distances to the clusters (13,000–55,000 light-years away).
Consider the following statements about the IUCAA Mira-variable study (August 2025): 1. It determined the Hubble constant with 3.7% precision. 2. It found that metal abundance affects Mira luminosity about three times more than it affects Cepheids. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is wrong: metal abundance affects Mira luminosity three times LESS than Cepheids, which makes Miras a promising alternative.
As per NeGD's announcement of 31 August 2025, which State offers the highest number of e-Government services on DigiLocker/e-District?
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Correct answer: D — Maharashtra
Maharashtra leads with 254 services, followed by Delhi (123), Karnataka (113), Assam (102) and Uttar Pradesh (86).
Consider the following statements about NeGD's milestone announced on 31 August 2025: 1. The services are available in all 36 States and Union Territories. 2. NeGD functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is wrong: the National e-Governance Division functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).