Current Affairs — Last 12 months
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
Thu, 23 Oct 2025
Wed, 22 Oct 2025
India rises to 9th in global forest area, stays 3rd in annual forest gain: FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025
India moved up to 9th place globally in total forest area, from 10th, and kept 3rd place in annual forest area gain, according to the FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment (GFRA) 2025 released in Bali (PIB, 22 October 2025).
Piyush Goyal leads India's delegation at UNCTAD XVI in Geneva
Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal led India's delegation and delivered the national statement at the 16th session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD XVI) in Geneva, as reported by PIB on 22 October 2025.
India begins 7 nm processor design at IIT Madras under SHAKTI: PIB backgrounder
A PIB backgrounder of 22 October 2025 says IIT Madras is developing India's first 7 nanometre processor under its SHAKTI initiative, as announced by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw on 18 October 2025.
JAIMEX-25: INS Sahyadri joins Japan-India Maritime Exercise, makes port call at Yokosuka
INS Sahyadri took part in the sea phase of the Japan India Maritime Exercise (JAIMEX-25) from 16 to 18 October 2025 and reached Yokosuka, Japan, on 21 October 2025 for the harbour phase.
GST cuts to boost Ladakh's Pashmina, apricot, Namda and tourism economy: PIB backgrounder
A PIB backgrounder of 22 October 2025 says the GST cut from 12% to 5% on items such as Pashmina, Namda rugs, apricots and hotel tariffs up to ₹7,500 will help Ladakh's artisans, farmers and homestays.
Rajnath Singh confers Honorary Lieutenant Colonel insignia of the Territorial Army on Neeraj Chopra
On 22 October 2025, Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh formally conferred the insignia of Honorary Lieutenant Colonel in the Territorial Army on javelin thrower Neeraj Chopra at South Block, New Delhi.
NHAI to deploy Network Survey Vehicles over 20,933 km of National Highways in 23 states
NHAI will deploy Network Survey Vehicles (NSVs) in 23 states covering 20,933 km of National Highways to collect road inventory and pavement condition data, PIB reported on 22 October 2025.
NBA releases ₹67 lakh to Dapur Biodiversity Management Committee in Nashik, Maharashtra
The National Biodiversity Authority released ₹67 lakh to the Dapur Biodiversity Management Committee in Sinnar taluk, Nashik district, Maharashtra, as access and benefit-sharing money for commercial use of soil microorganisms (PIB, 22 October 2025).
Rajnath Singh launches Lt Gen Raj Shukla's book on civil-military fusion; calls Operation Sindoor a showcase of jointness
On 22 October 2025 in New Delhi, Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh launched 'Civil-Military Fusion as a Metric of National Power & Comprehensive Security' by Lt Gen Raj Shukla (Retd).
Coal India and IIT Madras sign MoU to set up Centre for Sustainable Energy
On 22 October 2025, Coal India Limited signed an MoU with IIT Madras to establish a 'Centre for Sustainable Energy' at IIT Madras in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Health Ministry's pan-India CPR Awareness Week trains over 6 lakh people in compression-only CPR
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare held a pan-India CPR Awareness Week from 13 to 17 October 2025, giving hands-on compression-only CPR training to 6,06,374 people and reaching over 7.47 lakh citizens.
Edible oil units must register and file monthly returns under amended VOPPA Order, 2025
The Department of Food and Public Distribution warned on 22 October 2025 that edible oil units not registering or filing monthly returns under the amended Vegetable Oil Products, Production and Availability (Regulation) Order face penal action.
PSA Ajay Kumar Sood releases AI playbooks for agriculture and SMEs and an AI Sandbox white paper
Principal Scientific Adviser Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood released two AI playbooks, for agriculture and for SMEs, and an AI Sandbox white paper under the 'AI for India 2030' initiative led by WEF's Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution India (PIB, 22 October 2025).
Tribal Business Conclave 2025 to be held at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi, on 12 November
The Ministry of Tribal Affairs, with the Ministry of Culture and DPIIT, will hold the Tribal Business Conclave 2025 at Yashobhoomi, New Delhi, on 12 November 2025, marking the 150th birth anniversary year of Bhagwan Birsa Munda (PIB, 22 October 2025).
Tue, 21 Oct 2025
Sanae Takaichi becomes Japan's first woman Prime Minister; PM Modi also greets Bolivia's President-elect Rodrigo Paz Pereira
On 21 October 2025, Japan's Diet designated Sanae Takaichi as the country's 104th Prime Minister and its first woman to hold the office; PM Modi congratulated her and also Rodrigo Paz Pereira on his election as President of Bolivia.
PM Modi celebrates Diwali with Navy personnel on board INS Vikrant off Goa and Karwar
Prime Minister Narendra Modi celebrated Diwali with Indian Navy personnel on board aircraft carrier INS Vikrant on the western seaboard off Goa and Karwar, PIB reported on 21 October 2025.
Bihar polls 2025: 94% of cVIGIL complaints resolved within 100 minutes; ₹71.32 crore seized
As of 21 October 2025, 650 complaints had been filed on the cVIGIL app on ECINet for the Bihar Assembly election and bye-elections, and 94% were resolved within 100 minutes, the Election Commission said.
Veteran actor Govardhan Asrani, remembered as the jailer in 'Sholay', dies at 84
Veteran Hindi film actor Govardhan Asrani died in Mumbai on 20 October 2025 at the age of 84; PM Modi condoled his death on 21 October 2025.
Eight core industries grow 3.0% in September 2025; steel up 14.1%
The Index of Eight Core Industries rose 3.0% (provisional) in September 2025 over September 2024, led by steel at 14.1%, the Commerce Ministry said on 21 October 2025.
UDAN turns nine: 649 routes connecting 93 unserved and underserved airports
The Ministry of Civil Aviation marked the 9th anniversary of the regional connectivity scheme UDAN on 21 October 2025; 649 routes now connect 93 unserved and underserved airports.
Police Commemoration Day 2025: Rajnath Singh lays wreath at National Police Memorial
On Police Commemoration Day, 21 October 2025, Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh laid a wreath at the National Police Memorial in New Delhi, honouring the 10 policemen killed by Chinese troops at Hot Springs, Ladakh, in 1959.
GST cuts to help Uttarakhand's hill farmers, crafts, tourism and auto belt: PIB backgrounder
A PIB backgrounder of 21 October 2025 says GST cuts on items such as Pahari Toor Dal, red rice, Lakhori Mirchi, Aipan and Ringal crafts, hotel stays and small vehicles will support Uttarakhand's economy.
CCI approves Torrent Pharmaceuticals' acquisition of J.B. Chemicals with voluntary modifications
On 21 October 2025, the Competition Commission of India approved Torrent Pharmaceuticals' acquisition of J.B. Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, subject to voluntary modifications offered by the parties.
Centre releases over ₹730 crore in XV Finance Commission grants to rural local bodies in Gujarat and Haryana
The Centre released over ₹730 crore in XV Finance Commission untied grants to rural local bodies in Gujarat and Haryana, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj said on 21 October 2025.
TRAI releases mobile network drive-test results for Agartala (Tripura) and Silchar (Assam)
On 21 October 2025, TRAI released Independent Drive Test results for Agartala and adjoining areas in Tripura and for Silchar, Hailakandi and Karimganj in Assam, conducted in August 2025.
PFRDA proposes dual valuation for long-dated government securities in NPS and APY
PFRDA released a consultation paper proposing a dual 'accrual' and 'fair market' valuation framework for long-dated government securities held in NPS and Atal Pension Yojana schemes, with comments due by 30 November 2025 (PIB, 21 October 2025).
Jayant Chaudhary leads World Bank-facilitated Knowledge Exchange Mission to the Philippines
Skill Development Minister Jayant Chaudhary led a Knowledge Exchange Mission to the Philippines from 20 to 22 October 2025, facilitated by the World Bank, on skills, labour mobility and data-driven policy.
IIA study: black-hole radiation and radio jets together drive gas outflows that can suppress star formation
A study led by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics found that radiation from supermassive black holes and their radio jets work together to push gas out of galaxy centres, which can suppress new star formation (PIB, 21 October 2025).