Science & Technology Current Affairs Quiz — Last 12 months
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
The first tranche of projects approved under the Electronics Components Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS) in October 2025 comprised:
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Correct answer: D — 7 projects worth ₹5,532 crore
PIB: seven projects worth ₹5,532 crore were approved, to produce components worth ₹36,559 crore.
Under the first ECMS approvals, India will set up its first-ever manufacturing facility for which component material, used as the base for multi-layer PCBs?
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Correct answer: B — Copper Clad Laminate
PIB: for the first time, India will establish a Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) manufacturing facility; CCL is the base component for multi-layer PCBs and is currently imported.
Which state hosts five of the seven units approved in the first tranche of ECMS?
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Correct answer: A — Tamil Nadu
PIB: the approved units are spread across Tamil Nadu (5), Andhra Pradesh (1) and Madhya Pradesh (1).
As per TRAI, what was India's total number of telephone subscribers at the end of September 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 1,228.94 million
TRAI: total telephone subscribers rose to 1,228.94 million at the end of September 2025. (1,182.32 mn is wireless; 995.63 mn is broadband.)
Which telecom service area had the highest tele-density at the end of September 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Delhi
TRAI: Delhi service area had the maximum tele-density of 279.33%; Bihar had the minimum at 58.02%.
Mobile Number Portability (MNP) was first implemented in India in which Licensed Service Area, on 25 November 2010?
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Correct answer: B — Haryana
TRAI: MNP was implemented in Haryana LSA with effect from 25.11.2010 and across the rest of the country from 20.01.2011.
With which body did the Indian Coast Guard sign an MoU on 27 October 2025 to integrate DigiLocker?
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Correct answer: B — National e-Governance Division (NeGD)
PIB: the MoU was signed between the ICG and the National e-Governance Division (NeGD), MeitY.
The National e-Governance Division (NeGD), which partnered with the Indian Coast Guard for DigiLocker integration, functions under which ministry?
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Correct answer: C — Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
PIB: NeGD is under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
Who has been conferred the Vigyan Ratna, posthumously, under the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Prof. Jayant Vishnu Narlikar
PIB: Vigyan Ratna — Prof. Jayant Vishnu Narlikar (Physics), posthumously.
Which team received the Vigyan Team award under the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Aroma Mission, CSIR
PIB: Vigyan Team — Team Aroma Mission, CSIR (Agricultural Science).
The Vigyan Yuva-Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (VY-SSB) award under the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar is meant for young scientists up to what age?
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Correct answer: D — 45 years
PIB: the VY-SSB award recognises young scientists up to the age of 45 years.
Across how many domains are the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar awards conferred?
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Correct answer: B — 13
PIB: awards are conferred across 13 domains, from Physics and Chemistry to Atomic Energy and Space Science and Technology.
The Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) launched the Maha MedTech Mission in collaboration with:
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Correct answer: A — ICMR and the Gates Foundation
PIB: ANRF, in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Gates Foundation, launched the Maha MedTech Mission.
Under the Maha MedTech Mission, the maximum funding for a project in exceptional cases is:
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Correct answer: C — ₹50 crore
PIB: milestone-linked funding is ₹5–25 crore per project, and up to ₹50 crore in exceptional cases.
In the 'Maha MedTech Mission', what does 'MAHA' stand for?
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Correct answer: D — Mission for Advancement in High-Impact Areas
PIB: the full name is the Mission for Advancement in High-Impact Areas (MAHA) – Medical Technology.
Which two institutes were recognised as Centres of Excellence under the National Critical Mineral Mission in October 2025?
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Correct answer: B — IISc Bangalore and C-MET Hyderabad
PIB: the Ministry of Mines recognised IISc Bangalore and the Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET), Hyderabad, besides 7 institutes recognised earlier.
After the October 2025 recognition, how many Centres of Excellence are there under the National Critical Mineral Mission, and on what model do they operate?
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Correct answer: D — 9; hub-and-spoke consortium
PIB: with 2 new CoEs added to the 7 recognised earlier, there are 9. Each operates as a consortium on a Hub & Spoke model, with at least two industry and two R&D/academic partners; together they have about 90 spokes.
According to the Health Minister at the 50th convocation of AIIMS New Delhi (October 2025), how many AIIMS institutions are there in India today?
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Correct answer: C — 23
PIB: the country had only one AIIMS at the end of the past century; today there are 23 AIIMS institutions.
As stated at the AIIMS New Delhi convocation in October 2025, the number of medical colleges in India increased from 387 to how many in the last 11 years?
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Correct answer: D — 819
PIB: medical colleges increased from 387 to 819; UG seats rose from 51,000 to 1,29,000 and PG seats from 31,000 to 78,000.
Consider the following statements made at the AIIMS New Delhi convocation in October 2025, citing SRS data: 1. India's maternal mortality ratio (MMR) declined from 130 to 88. 2. India's infant mortality rate (IMR) declined from 39 to 22. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB: MMR declined from 130 to 88, and IMR from 39 to 27 (not 22), per SRS data.
HLL Lifecare Limited, which paid a dividend of ₹69.53 crore to the Government for 2024–25, is what category of Central Public Sector Enterprise?
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Correct answer: C — Mini-Ratna
PIB: HLL Lifecare Limited is a Mini-Ratna CPSE under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.
HLL Lifecare Limited, set up to address India's population control challenges, was established in which year?
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Correct answer: B — 1966
PIB: HLL Lifecare Limited was established on 1 March 1966 and is celebrating its 60th year.
Bhashini, the AI platform for real-time translation across India's 22 scheduled languages, operates under which mission?
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Correct answer: A — National Language Translation Mission
PIB backgrounder: Bhashini, under the National Language Translation Mission (NLTM), enables real-time translation for the 22 Scheduled Languages and tribal languages.
'Sanchika', a digital repository of dictionaries, primers and storybooks for scheduled and tribal languages, belongs to which institution?
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Correct answer: D — Central Institute of Indian Languages
PIB backgrounder: Sanchika is CIIL's (Central Institute of Indian Languages) digital repository, used for AI model training and machine translation.
Under the October 2025 amendment to Rule 3(1)(d) of the IT Rules, 2021, an intimation to intermediaries for removal of unlawful content can be issued (where the rank exists) only by an officer not below the rank of:
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Correct answer: C — Joint Secretary
PIB: intimations can now only be issued by a senior officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary or equivalent (or a Director where such rank is not appointed).
Under the amended Rule 3(1)(d) of the IT Rules (October 2025), which police officer can issue a content-removal intimation to intermediaries?
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Correct answer: A — A specially authorised officer not below Deputy Inspector General
PIB: in case of police authorities, only an officer not below the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG), specially authorised, can issue such intimation.
Consider the following statements about the October 2025 amendment to Rule 3(1)(d) of the IT Rules, 2021: 1. All intimations will be reviewed monthly by an officer not below the rank of Secretary of the Appropriate Government. 2. The term 'reasoned intimation' was introduced to align the rule with Section 69A of the IT Act. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB: monthly review by a Secretary-level officer is mandated; 'reasoned intimation' aligns the rule with the 'actual knowledge' requirement of Section 79(3)(b), not Section 69A.
The three training modules on Public Health Management of Chemical Emergencies, released in October 2025, were developed by:
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Correct answer: B — National Centre for Disease Control with NDMA, with technical support from WHO India
PIB: the three specialised modules were developed by NCDC (MoHFW) in collaboration with NDMA and with technical support from WHO India.
India's 7 nm processor announced in October 2025 is being developed by which institution?
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Correct answer: D — IIT Madras
PIB backgrounder: the 7 nm processor is being developed by IIT Madras through its SHAKTI initiative.
Consider the following statements about the SHAKTI processor initiative: 1. It was started in 2013 and is based on an open-source instruction set architecture. 2. The 7 nm processor under it is mainly targeted at smartphones and consumer wearables. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB backgrounder: SHAKTI started in 2013 on an open-source ISA (RISC-V); the 7 nm processor targets server applications in financial services, communications, defence and strategic sectors.
In October 2025, Coal India Limited signed an MoU to establish a 'Centre for Sustainable Energy' at which institution?
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Correct answer: D — IIT Madras
PIB: CIL signed an MoU with IIT Madras on 22 October 2025 to establish the Centre for Sustainable Energy at IIT Madras.
Which of the following is a stated focus area of the Coal India–IIT Madras Centre for Sustainable Energy?
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Correct answer: B — Repurposing coal mines
PIB: the Centre will focus on repurposing coal mines, creating low-carbon technologies and reimagining coal as a feedstock in India's clean energy future.
The Health Ministry's pan-India CPR Awareness Week 2025 focused on which form of CPR?
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Correct answer: D — Compression-only CPR
PIB: the week (13–17 October 2025) aimed to enhance public understanding and practical capacity in compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Approximately how many people received physical compression-only CPR training during the CPR Awareness Week of October 2025?
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Correct answer: C — 6.06 lakh
PIB: physical training was imparted to 6,06,374 participants; 7.47 lakh is the total number of citizens engaged, and 79,870 is the MyGov pledge count.
The AI playbooks for agriculture and SMEs released by the Principal Scientific Adviser in October 2025 were brought out under which initiative?
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Correct answer: B — AI for India 2030
PIB: the publications were released under the 'AI for India 2030' initiative led by the Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (C4IR) India, World Economic Forum.
Which framework forms the core of both the 'Future Farming in India' and 'Transforming Small Businesses' AI playbooks released in October 2025?
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Correct answer: D — IMPACT AI
PIB: the IMPACT AI framework is at the core of the agriculture playbook and is also central to the SME playbook.
TRAI's August 2025 Independent Drive Tests in Agartala and Silchar were conducted under the supervision of which TRAI Regional Office?
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Correct answer: C — Kolkata
PIB: the drive tests in both Agartala (Tripura) and Silchar (Assam) were conducted under the supervision of the TRAI Regional Office, Kolkata.
In TRAI's August 2025 drive test of Silchar city, Hailakandi and Karimganj (Assam), which operator recorded both the highest average download speed and a 100% call setup success rate?
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Correct answer: B — Reliance Jio (RJIL)
PIB: RJIL's average download speed was 219.13 Mbps and its call setup success rate 100.00% in auto-selection mode in Silchar, Hailakandi and Karimganj.
The October 2025 study showing that black-hole radiation and radio jets jointly drive galactic gas outflows was led by astronomers of which institute?
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Correct answer: A — Indian Institute of Astrophysics
PIB: the study was led by astronomers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), an autonomous institute of DST.
According to the IIA study (October 2025), galactic gas outflows driven by active galactic nuclei can reach speeds of up to:
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Correct answer: D — 2,000 km/s
PIB: these powerful winds can travel at speeds of up to 2,000 km per second, fast enough to escape the galaxy's gravitational pull.
According to the Ayush Ministry's World Osteoporosis Day 2025 note, Ayurveda associates osteoporosis primarily with the vitiation of which dosha?
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Correct answer: D — Vata
PIB: according to Ayurveda, osteoporosis is primarily associated with the vitiation of Vata dosha, which weakens bone strength and density.
Which classical Ayurvedic concept did the CCRAS Director General say aligns closely with the modern understanding of bone fragility (October 2025)?
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Correct answer: C — Asthi Saushirya
PIB: Prof. Rabinarayan Acharya, DG, CCRAS, said the classical concept of Asthi Saushirya aligns closely with the modern understanding of bone fragility.
Which is described by the Government as India's first indigenously discovered antibiotic, developed by the Department of Biotechnology with Wockhardt?
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Correct answer: A — Nafithromycin
PIB: Dr Jitendra Singh said India has developed its first indigenously discovered antibiotic 'Nafithromycin', developed by DBT in collaboration with Wockhardt.
India's first successful indigenous clinical trial of gene therapy for haemophilia, announced in October 2025, was carried out at which institution?
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Correct answer: C — Christian Medical College, Vellore
PIB: the trial, supported by DBT, was done in a non-government hospital, Christian Medical College Vellore.
Consider the following statements made by Dr Jitendra Singh on 18 October 2025: 1. The Anusandhan National Research Foundation has an outlay of ₹50,000 crore over five years, of which ₹36,000 crore will come from non-government sources. 2. The findings of the indigenous haemophilia gene therapy trial were published in The Lancet. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB: ANRF has a total outlay of ₹50,000 crore over five years, ₹36,000 crore from non-government sources; the gene therapy findings were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
The Titanium and Superalloy Materials Plant dedicated to the nation by the Raksha Mantri on 18 October 2025 belongs to which company?
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Correct answer: C — PTC Industries
PIB: the plant is at PTC Industries' Strategic Materials Technology Complex in Lucknow.
PTC Industries signed an MoU on 18 October 2025 to form a joint venture for propulsion systems, guided bombs and small aeroengines with which defence PSU?
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Correct answer: D — Bharat Dynamics Limited
PIB: an MoU was signed between PTC Industries Limited and Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) to form a joint venture for propulsion systems, guided bombs and small aeroengines for missiles, UAVs and loitering munitions.
Consider the following statements about PTC Industries' Strategic Materials Technology Complex, Lucknow: 1. It has a production capacity of over 6,000 tonnes per annum of aviation-grade titanium and superalloys from domestic and recycled sources. 2. PTC Industries received a Letter of Technical Acceptance from CEMILAC for a Titanium Rear Fin Root Casting for the AMCA programme. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: the plant's capacity is over 6,000 tonnes per annum from domestic and recycled sources; CEMILAC (DRDO) issued a LoTA for the Titanium Rear Fin Root Casting for the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft.
Which instrument on the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter made the first-ever observation of a solar CME's effect on the lunar exosphere, as announced by ISRO on 18 October 2025?
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Correct answer: D — CHACE-2
ISRO (18 Oct 2025): the observation was made by Chandra's Atmospheric Composition Explorer-2 (CHACE-2) on board the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter.
On which date did the series of coronal mass ejections occur whose impact on the Moon was observed by Chandrayaan-2's CHACE-2?
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Correct answer: B — 10 May 2024
ISRO (18 Oct 2025): the opportunity came in a rare occurrence on 10 May 2024, when a series of CMEs were hurled by the Sun.
Consider the following statements, as stated by ISRO in October 2025: 1. The Moon's exosphere falls under the category of a 'surface boundary exosphere'. 2. Coronal mass ejections comprise mostly helium and hydrogen ions. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
ISRO (18 Oct 2025): the Moon's exosphere is a 'surface boundary exosphere', and CMEs comprise mostly helium and hydrogen ions, so both statements are correct.
The IndiaAI Mission has partnered with which organisation to prepare a casebook on real-world AI applications in health systems for the Global South?
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Correct answer: D — World Health Organization
PIB: the IndiaAI Mission, MeitY, in collaboration with the World Health Organization, announced a global call for abstracts for the casebook.
Consider the following statements about the IndiaAI–WHO casebook on AI in health: 1. Abstracts of up to 250 words were to be submitted by 31 October 2025. 2. Selected entries are to feature at the India–AI Impact Summit 2026. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: abstracts (maximum 250 words) were due by 31 October 2025, and selected entries will feature at the India–AI Impact Summit 2026.
Where is the India International Science Festival (IISF) 2025 to be held from 6 to 9 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Panjab University, Chandigarh
PIB: IISF 2025 is scheduled from December 6 to 9, 2025, at Panjab University, Chandigarh.
What is the theme of the India International Science Festival 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Vigyan Se Samriddhi – For Atmanirbhar Bharat
PIB: IISF 2025 will focus on 'Vigyan Se Samriddhi – For Atmanirbhar Bharat' (Science to Prosperity).
India was elected Co-Chair of which UN regional body for the 2025–2028 term, as announced in October 2025?
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Correct answer: C — UN-GGIM Asia and the Pacific Regional Committee
PIB: India was elected Co-Chair of the Regional Committee of United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management for Asia and the Pacific (UN-GGIM-AP) for 2025–2028.
Who represented India in its election as Co-Chair of UN-GGIM-AP?
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Correct answer: D — Surveyor General of India, Hitesh Kumar S. Makwana
PIB: India, represented by the Surveyor General of India, Shri Hitesh Kumar S. Makwana, was elected Co-Chair.
The 78th Session of the WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia, where India spoke on healthy ageing in October 2025, was held in which city?
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Correct answer: D — Colombo
PIB: the Ministerial Roundtable of the 78th Session of the WHO Regional Committee of South-East Asia was held in Colombo during 13–15 October 2025.
Consider the following statements made by India at the 78th WHO SEARO session (October 2025): 1. The National Programme for Healthcare of the Elderly (NPHCE) is operational in 92% of districts. 2. India's two National Centres of Ageing are at AIIMS New Delhi and Madras Medical College, Chennai. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: NPHCE is operational in 92% of districts; the two National Centres of Ageing are at AIIMS New Delhi and Madras Medical College, Chennai, alongside 17 Regional Geriatric Centres.
From what altitude did DRDO's Military Combat Parachute System (MCPS) complete a combat freefall jump in October 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 32,000 feet
PIB: MCPS successfully underwent a combat freefall jump from an altitude of 32,000 feet, executed by IAF test jumpers.
Which DRDO laboratories developed the Military Combat Parachute System?
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Correct answer: C — ADRDE Agra and DEBEL Bengaluru
PIB: MCPS was developed by the Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment, Agra, and the Defence Bioengineering and Electromedical Laboratory, Bengaluru.
According to Dr Jitendra Singh at the CSIR–NIIST Golden Jubilee in October 2025, India's Global Innovation Index rank has improved from 81 in 2014 to:
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Correct answer: C — 38
PIB: India's Global Innovation Index ranking has improved from 81 in 2014 to 38 this year.
CSIR–National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), which completed 50 years in 2025, is located in which city?
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Correct answer: B — Thiruvananthapuram
PIB: the Golden Jubilee programme of CSIR–NIIST concluded at Thiruvananthapuram.
In October 2025 Google announced its first AI Hub in India, with an investment of about US$ 15 billion, in which city?
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Correct answer: C — Visakhapatnam
PIB: Google announced the establishment of an AI Hub in Visakhapatnam (Vizag), Andhra Pradesh, with an investment of approximately USD 15 billion over five years.
Google's Visakhapatnam AI Hub investment of about US$ 15 billion is spread over which period?
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Correct answer: A — 2026–2030
PIB: the investment of approximately USD 15 billion is over five years (2026–2030).
Consider the following statements about the Google AI Hub announced in October 2025: 1. It includes a new international subsea gateway with multiple cables landing at Visakhapatnam. 2. The data centre campus is being developed with partners including AdaniConnex and Airtel. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: the investment includes a new international subsea gateway with multiple international subsea cables landing in Visakhapatnam, and the campus is developed with partners including AdaniConnex and Airtel.
The IndiaAI Face Authentication Challenge launched in October 2025 aims to develop AI solutions mainly for:
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Correct answer: B — Photo verification and de-duplication in public examinations
PIB: the challenge invites solutions for image verification and application de-duplication to strengthen the integrity of large-scale public examinations.
Which of the following Global Impact Challenges under the India-AI Impact Summit 2026 is meant for young innovators aged 13–21 years?
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Correct answer: D — YUVAi
PIB: YUVAi is a youth-first initiative for innovators aged 13–21 years to develop AI solutions for public good.
Consider the following statements about the India-AI Impact Summit 2026 challenges: 1. 'AI by HER' is organised by the Women Entrepreneurship Platform of NITI Aayog. 2. The Summit is scheduled for 16–20 February 2026 in New Delhi. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: AI by HER is organised by the Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP), NITI Aayog; the grand showcase is the India-AI Impact Summit 2026, 16–20 February 2026, New Delhi.