Science & Technology Current Affairs Quiz — All time
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
C-FLOOD, inaugurated on 2 July 2025, was developed by C-DAC Pune together with which body?
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Correct answer: A — Central Water Commission
Jal Shakti Ministry: C-FLOOD was collaboratively developed by C-DAC, Pune and the Central Water Commission (CWC).
How far in advance does C-FLOOD provide village-level inundation forecasts?
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Correct answer: C — Two days
Jal Shakti Ministry: C-FLOOD is a web-based platform that provides two-days advance inundation forecasts up to village level.
Which river basins does C-FLOOD currently cover (July 2025)?
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Correct answer: B — Mahanadi, Godavari and Tapi
Jal Shakti Ministry: at present, the system covers the Mahanadi, Godavari and Tapi river basins.
What is the corpus of the Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme approved on 1 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — ₹1 lakh crore
Cabinet: the Cabinet approved the RDI Scheme with a corpus of ₹1 lakh crore.
Which department will serve as the nodal department for implementing the RDI Scheme?
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Correct answer: A — Department of Science and Technology
Cabinet: the Department of Science and Technology (DST) will serve as the nodal department for implementation of the RDI Scheme.
Who chairs the Governing Board of the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), which gives strategic direction to the RDI Scheme?
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Correct answer: C — Prime Minister
Cabinet: the Governing Board of ANRF, chaired by the Prime Minister, will provide overarching strategic direction to the RDI Scheme.
On which date was the Digital India programme launched, completing ten years on 1 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — 1 July 2015
MyGov/Indian Express: Digital India was launched by PM Narendra Modi on 1 July 2015 and turned 10 on 1 July 2025.
Digital India's stated vision, as recalled on its tenth anniversary, is to transform India into what?
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Correct answer: D — A digitally empowered society and knowledge economy
Indian Express: Digital India was launched with the vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
National Doctors' Day, observed on 1 July, honours which physician who was the second Chief Minister of West Bengal?
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Correct answer: B — Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
NDTV/The Federal: National Doctors' Day marks the birth anniversary of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, renowned physician and second Chief Minister of West Bengal, born on 1 July 1882.
The RailOne app was launched on 1 July 2025 on the 40th Foundation Day of which organisation?
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Correct answer: C — Centre for Railway Information Systems
Ministry of Railways: Ashwini Vaishnaw launched RailOne at India Habitat Centre on the 40th Foundation Day of the Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS).
In which city did President Droupadi Murmu inaugurate the Mahayogi Guru Gorakhnath AYUSH University on 1 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Gorakhpur
President's Secretariat: the President inaugurated the Mahayogi Guru Gorakhnath AYUSH University at Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.
The Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI), which RBI asked banks to integrate on 30 June 2025, was developed by which body?
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Correct answer: B — Department of Telecommunications
PIB: RBI's advisory of 30 June 2025 directs banks to integrate the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI) developed by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT).
Into which risk categories does the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator classify a mobile number?
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Correct answer: C — Medium, High, Very High
PIB: the FRI classifies a mobile number as associated with Medium, High or Very High risk of financial fraud.
Consider the following about the Financial Fraud Risk Indicator (FRI): 1. It was launched in May 2025 by DoT's Digital Intelligence Unit. 2. RBI's advisory of 30 June 2025 excludes Co-operative Banks. 3. It is built only on data from DoT's Chakshu platform. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only statement 1 is correct (PIB). Statement 2 is wrong: the advisory covers Scheduled Commercial, Small Finance, Payments and Co-operative Banks. Statement 3 is wrong: inputs also come from I4C's NCRP and from banks and financial institutions.
Where is the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), whose convocation President Murmu attended on 30 June 2025, located?
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Correct answer: D — Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
PIB: the President graced the convocation ceremony of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
Which convocation of AIIMS Gorakhpur did President Droupadi Murmu attend on 30 June 2025?
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Correct answer: B — First
PIB: the President graced the first convocation ceremony of AIIMS Gorakhpur on 30 June 2025.
The Integrated Alert System 'SACHET' operated by NDMA was developed by which organisation?
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Correct answer: A — Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)
PIB: NDMA has operationalised the Integrated Alert System (SACHET), developed by the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT).
SACHET is based on the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) recommended by which body?
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Correct answer: C — International Telecommunication Union
PIB: SACHET is based on the Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
Where is the Ericsson antenna manufacturing facility inaugurated by Jyotiraditya Scindia on 30 June 2025 located?
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Correct answer: C — Manesar, Haryana
PIB: the Minister inaugurated Ericsson's antenna manufacturing facility at VVDN's Global Innovation Park in Manesar.
Under which mission did Dr Jitendra Singh and Puducherry LG K. Kailashnathan discuss seabed mineral exploration and deep-sea fishing in June 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Deep Ocean Mission
PIB: the meeting discussed exploration of seabed minerals and promoting deep sea fishing under the Deep Ocean Mission.
In Mann Ki Baat (29 June 2025), the PM said WHO had declared India free of which disease?
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Correct answer: C — Trachoma
Mann Ki Baat 123: WHO has declared India Trachoma free; India now has become a Trachoma free country.
Citing an ILO report in Mann Ki Baat (June 2025), what share of India's population did the PM say avails some social protection benefit?
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Correct answer: A — More than 64%
Mann Ki Baat 123: the ILO report says more than 64% of the population of India is now availing some social protection benefit.
As recalled in Mann Ki Baat 123, what was the theme of International Yoga Day 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Yoga for One Earth, One Health
Mann Ki Baat 123: this time the theme was 'Yoga for One Earth, One Health'.
Consider the following about the 123rd episode of Mann Ki Baat (29 June 2025): 1. About 95 crore people were said to be covered by social security schemes, against under 25 crore till 2015. 2. The 50th year of the Emergency was recalled as 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas'. 3. The Amarnath Yatra was said to commence on 3 July. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
All three are correct as per the PM's address: about 95 crore people covered (under 25 crore till 2015); the Emergency's 50 years observed as 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas'; the Amarnath Yatra to commence on 3 July.
The new Passenger Reservation System planned by Indian Railways (June 2025) will allow how many ticket bookings per minute?
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Correct answer: B — Over 1.5 lakh
Ministry of Railways: the new PRS will allow over 1.5 lakh ticket bookings per minute, about five times the current 32,000.
Under the charting reform approved in June 2025, how long before departure will reservation charts generally be prepared?
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Correct answer: C — Eight hours
Ministry of Railways: the Railway Board proposed preparing the reservation chart eight hours before departure (currently four hours), and the Minister agreed.
Which organisation is building Indian Railways' upgraded Passenger Reservation System, due by December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — CRIS
Ministry of Railways: the PRS upgrade project is being executed for the last few months by CRIS.
DRDO's Defence Materials and Stores Research & Development Establishment (DMSRDE), visited by Sanjay Seth on 29 June 2025, is located in which city?
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Correct answer: D — Kanpur
PIB: Raksha Rajya Mantri Sanjay Seth visited DMSRDE, a Kanpur-based laboratory of DRDO.
During his interaction with PM Modi on 28 June 2025, how many orbits of the Earth did Shubhanshu Shukla say the ISS crew completes in a day?
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Correct answer: B — 16
PIB: Shukla said they complete 16 orbits a day, witnessing 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets.
What approximate speed of the space station did Shubhanshu Shukla mention during the interaction with the Prime Minister?
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Correct answer: D — Nearly 28,000 km per hour
PIB: Shukla said they were travelling at a speed of nearly 28,000 km per hour.
Consider the following statements about the PM–Shubhanshu Shukla interaction of 28 June 2025: 1. Shukla said he shared carrot halwa, moong dal halwa and aam ras with fellow astronauts. 2. The interaction took place after Shukla had returned to Earth. 3. Shukla said that a short while earlier the station had passed over Hawaii. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — 1 and 3 only
PIB: statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is wrong: Shukla was aboard the ISS and the interaction was by videoconference.
According to Shubhanshu Shukla, the first experiment scheduled on the day of his interaction with the PM studied which subject?
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Correct answer: A — Stem cells and whether supplements can prevent or delay muscle loss in microgravity
PIB: the first experiment that day focused on stem cells, testing whether specific supplements can prevent or delay muscle loss caused by the absence of gravity.
Which of the following was NOT part of the 'homework' PM Modi set for Shubhanshu Shukla on 28 June 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Landing an Indian astronaut on Mars
PIB: the PM said India must move forward with Mission Gaganyaan, build its own space station and land an Indian astronaut on the Moon. Mars was not mentioned.
According to the Health Ministry (28 June 2025), the percentage of zero-dose children in India's total population fell from 0.11% in 2023 to what in 2024?
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Correct answer: C — 0.06%
MoHFW: the share of zero-dose children declined from 0.11% in 2023 to 0.06% in 2024.
The Zero Dose Implementation Plan 2024 was rolled out in how many districts?
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Correct answer: A — 143 districts in 11 states
MoHFW: the Zero Dose Implementation Plan 2024 was rolled out across 143 districts in 11 states with a high burden of unvaccinated children.
Consider the following statements about India's Universal Immunization Programme (UIP): 1. The UIP currently covers 12 vaccine-preventable diseases. 2. Till 2013, only six vaccines were available in the programme. 3. Mission Indradhanush was first launched in 2017. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
MoHFW: statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is wrong: Mission Indradhanush runs since 2014 and was intensified in 2017.
The 'India Energy Stack', announced on 28 June 2025, is an initiative of which ministry?
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Correct answer: A — Ministry of Power
PIB: the Ministry of Power announced a task force to conceive the India Energy Stack and is spearheading the initiative.
What is the duration of the Proof of Concept that the Ministry of Power will run to demonstrate the India Energy Stack?
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Correct answer: C — 12 months
PIB: the Ministry will undertake a 12-month Proof of Concept with selected utilities.
Consider the following statements about the India Energy Stack (IES): 1. The IES will provide unique IDs for consumers, assets and transactions. 2. Data under the IES will be shared without the need for consumer consent. 3. The Utility Intelligence Platform will be piloted with DISCOMs in Mumbai, Gujarat and Delhi. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 3 only
PIB: statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is wrong: the IES provides real-time, consent-based data sharing.
Scientists of which institute found that teak leaf extract can act as a natural, biodegradable laser shield (reported 27 June 2025)?
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Correct answer: A — Raman Research Institute
PIB (DST): scientists at the Raman Research Institute (RRI), an autonomous institute funded by DST, uncovered the use of teak leaves.
Which natural pigment in teak leaves shows the nonlinear optical properties that make the extract suitable for optical power-limiting?
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Correct answer: D — Anthocyanins
PIB (DST): teak leaves are rich in anthocyanins, natural pigments whose nonlinear optical properties make the extract suitable for optical power-limiting.
As per telecom subscription data as of 31 May 2025, what was India's overall tele-density?
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Correct answer: D — 85.36%
PIB (TRAI data): overall tele-density as of 31 May 2025 was 85.36%.
What was the total number of telephone subscribers (wireless plus wireline) in India as of 31 May 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 1,207.08 million
PIB: total telephone subscribers were 1,207.08 million. 1,168.42 million is wireless only, 974.87 million is broadband, and 1,080.06 million is active wireless on peak VLR date.
Consider the following statements based on telecom subscription data for May 2025: 1. Rural tele-density stood at 59.33%. 2. About 14.03 million mobile number portability requests were submitted in May 2025. 3. Wireline subscribers declined during May 2025. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
PIB: statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is wrong: wireline subscribers grew by 1.25 million (3.34%) in May 2025.
To which module of the International Space Station did the Axiom Mission 4 Dragon dock on 26 June 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Harmony module (space-facing port)
NASA: the spacecraft docked to the space-facing port of the space station's Harmony module.
After the hatch opened on 26 June 2025, who was the first Axiom-4 crew member to enter the International Space Station?
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Correct answer: A — Commander Peggy Whitson
NASA: Ax-4 Commander Peggy Whitson was the first to enter the station after the hatch opened, followed by Pilot Shubhanshu Shukla.
Which institutions conduct the Axiom-4 experiment studying the germination of sprouting moong and methi seeds in space, as described by Dr. Jitendra Singh?
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Correct answer: C — UAS Dharwad and IIT Dharwad
PIB: the second experiment, by UAS Dharwad and IIT Dharwad, investigates the germination and nutritional properties of sprouting moong and methi seeds. ICGEB and BRIC-NIPGR lead the microalgae experiment.
Consider the following statements about the Axiom-4 arrival at the ISS: 1. The Dragon docked to the space-facing port of the Harmony module. 2. After the arrival, eleven people were aboard the station, including seven Expedition 73 crew members. 3. The mission had launched from Vandenberg Space Force Base, California. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1 and 2 only
NASA: statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is wrong: Ax-4 launched from Launch Complex 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
Where is the CEL–ESDS 'Green Data Centre', whose foundation stone was laid on 26 June 2025, located?
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Correct answer: D — Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
PIB: the foundation stone of the Green Data Centre, a collaboration between CEL and ESDS, was laid at Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.
What is the capacity of the CEL–ESDS Green Data Centre project at Sahibabad?
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Correct answer: C — 30 MW
PIB: the project, with 30 MW capacity, entails an investment of about ₹1,000 crore.
At what time (IST) did Axiom Mission 4 lift off on 25 June 2025, according to ISRO?
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Correct answer: B — 12:01 IST
ISRO: the mission lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Centre at 12:01 Hrs IST aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9.
Which ISRO astronaut from the Gaganyaan pool was nominated as the backup crew member for Axiom Mission 4?
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Correct answer: C — Prashanth B. Nair
ISRO: Prashanth B. Nair, also an ISRO astronaut from the Gaganyaan pool, was nominated as the backup crew member.
ISRO said the Axiom-4 mission follows the legacy of international cooperation that sent Rakesh Sharma to space in 1984. Aboard which spacecraft did he fly?
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Correct answer: A — Soviet Soyuz
ISRO: the mission follows the legacy of international cooperation that sent Rakesh Sharma to space in 1984 aboard the Soviet Soyuz.
Consider the following statements about the launch of Axiom Mission 4: 1. The mission lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center. 2. It was launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. 3. A launch scheduled on 19 June 2025 had been called off before the eventual launch. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
ISRO: all three are correct. Lift-off was from LC-39A, KSC, on a Falcon 9, and the launch scheduled on 19 June was called off to resolve issues.
Which authority will develop the ₹417 crore Electronics Manufacturing Cluster (EMC 2.0) approved at Gautam Buddha Nagar in June 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA)
PIB: the approved EMC 2.0 project will be developed by the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA).
How many jobs is the Gautam Buddha Nagar EMC 2.0 expected to generate, according to Ashwini Vaishnaw?
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Correct answer: B — 15,000
PIB: Ashwini Vaishnaw said the project will create world-class infrastructure and generate 15,000 jobs.
In the bye-elections to five Assembly constituencies concluded in June 2025, what major change did ECINET enable, according to the ECI?
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Correct answer: D — Direct upload of Voter Turnout (VTR) trends by Presiding Officers
ECI: a major achievement during the bye-polls was uploading of VTR trends directly by Presiding Officers on ECINET, instead of the earlier manual process.
Under the Amended BharatNet Program agreement signed on 24 June 2025, BharatNet works in Gujarat were handed over to which entity?
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Correct answer: A — Gujarat Fibre Grid Network Limited (GFGNL)
PIB: the agreement enables handing over of all BharatNet works, activities and responsibilities in Gujarat to Gujarat Fibre Grid Network Limited (GFGNL).
Gujarat is the first among how many states undertaking BharatNet under the State-led model?
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Correct answer: C — Eight
PIB: Gujarat holds the distinction of being the first among Eight states undertaking BharatNet under the State-led model.
Consider the following statements about the Amended BharatNet Program (ABP): 1. The Union Cabinet approved ABP on 4 August 2023. 2. ABP is funded through the Digital Bharat Nidhi. 3. Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL) has been appointed as its Project Management Agency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
PIB: the Union Cabinet approved ABP on 4 August 2023, to be funded through the Digital Bharat Nidhi; BSNL (not BBNL) has been appointed as the Project Management Agency. So 1 and 2 only.
The ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (CIAE), reviewed by Shivraj Singh Chouhan on 22 June 2025, is located in which city?
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Correct answer: D — Bhopal
PIB: Shivraj Singh Chouhan visited the ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (CIAE), Bhopal.
What is the total prize pool of the Innovative Projects Start-Up Challenge on Rooftop Solar and Distributed Renewable Energy launched by MNRE in June 2025?
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Correct answer: D — ₹2.3 crore
PIB (MNRE): The selected innovators will compete for a total prize pool of ₹2.3 crore, including ₹1 crore for the 1st Prize.
With the support of which institution is MNRE implementing the Start-Up Challenge on Rooftop Solar and Distributed Renewable Energy Technologies?
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Correct answer: B — National Institute of Solar Energy
PIB (MNRE): The challenge is being implemented under the aegis of MNRE with support from the National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE), in coordination with StartUp India, DPIIT.
Consider the following statements about MNRE's Start-Up Challenge on Rooftop Solar and DRE launched in June 2025: 1. Applications are to be submitted through the Startup India website. 2. The last date for applications is 20 August 2025. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MNRE): Applications can be submitted through Startup India's website, and the last date for applications is 20 August 2025. So the answer is Both 1 and 2.
Scientists from which institute developed the scalable device announced by DST on 20 June 2025 that produces green hydrogen by splitting water using only solar energy?
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Correct answer: D — Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru
PIB (DST): Scientists from the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bengaluru, an autonomous institute of DST, developed the device.
The photoanode in CeNS Bengaluru's solar water-splitting device (June 2025) is based on which material, with an n-i-p heterojunction of TiO2, Si and NiO layers?
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Correct answer: B — Silicon
PIB (DST): The team designed a silicon-based photoanode using an n-i-p heterojunction of n-type TiO2, intrinsic Si and p-type NiO layers.
According to TRAI's performance indicator report for January–March 2025, what was India's teledensity at the end of March 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 85.04%
PIB (DoT/TRAI): Tele-density in India increased from 84.45% in QE Dec-24 to 85.04% in QE Mar-25.
What was the total number of internet subscribers in India at the end of March 2025, as per TRAI?
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Correct answer: B — 969.10 million
PIB (DoT/TRAI): Total internet subscribers decreased from 970.16 million at the end of Dec-24 to 969.10 million at the end of Mar-25.
Consider the following statements about TRAI's report for January–March 2025: 1. The number of internet subscribers declined during the quarter. 2. Monthly ARPU for wireless service increased during the quarter. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (DoT/TRAI): Internet subscribers fell 0.11% to 969.10 million, and wireless ARPU rose 0.64% from ₹181.80 to ₹182.95. So the answer is Both 1 and 2.
According to the NeSDA Way Forward report for May 2025, how many e-services in total are provided across States/UTs?
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Correct answer: C — 21,062
PIB (DARPG): A total of 21,062 e-services are provided across States/UTs; the majority (7,065) fall under Local Governance & Utility Services.
Which two States achieved 100% saturation of mandatory e-services according to the NeSDA Way Forward report for May 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Maharashtra and Uttarakhand
PIB (DARPG): 16 States/UTs achieved more than 90% saturation, while Maharashtra and Uttarakhand achieved 100% saturation.