Environment & Ecology Current Affairs Quiz — All time
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
Meghayan-25, held on 14 April 2025, is:
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Correct answer: B — The Indian Navy's Meteorological and Oceanological Symposium
The Indian Navy's Meteorological and Oceanological Symposium; Meghayan-25 was its 3rd edition, held to mark WMO Day 2025.
What ex gratia did the Prime Minister announce from the PMNRF for the next of kin of each person killed in the Anakapalli firecracker unit explosion of 13 April 2025?
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Correct answer: C — ₹2 lakh
₹2 lakh per deceased from the PMNRF, with ₹50,000 for the injured; ₹15 lakh per family was the state government's ex gratia.
Daripalli Ramaiah, the Padma Shri awardee known as 'Vanajeevi' who died on 12 April 2025, was known for what work?
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Correct answer: B — Planting and protecting trees
Planting and protecting trees: the Prime Minister said he devoted his life to planting and protecting lakhs of trees.
'Vanajeevi' Daripalli Ramaiah, who died on 12 April 2025, belonged to which district of Telangana?
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Correct answer: C — Khammam
Khammam: he was from Reddipalli village in Khammam Rural mandal and died in Khammam.
Under Mission Innovation 2.0, India's Department of Biotechnology co-leads the Mission Integrated Biorefinery with which country?
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Correct answer: C — Netherlands
Netherlands, according to the Ministry of Science & Technology's release on the 2025 Seoul gathering.
In which city was the Mission Innovation Annual Gathering 2025 held on 9–11 April?
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Correct answer: A — Seoul
Seoul, South Korea, hosted the gathering, where DBT presented India's BioE3 policy.
According to the Bose Institute study on Kolkata, the toxicity of PM2.5 rises sharply above roughly what concentration?
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Correct answer: C — 70 µg/m³
70 µg/m³, which the researchers proposed as a 'toxicity standard'.
Consider the following statements about the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP): 1. It targets a 40% reduction in particulate matter by 2030 compared with 2017. 2. It covers 102 non-attainment cities. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — Neither 1 nor 2
Neither is correct. NCAP targets a 40% cut in particulate pollution by 2026 (not 2030) compared with 2017, in 131 (not 102) non-attainment cities.
How much renewable energy capacity did India add in FY 2024-25, according to MNRE?
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Correct answer: C — 29.52 GW
29.52 GW, a record; 23.83 GW of it was solar, and 50.04 GW is the total wind capacity.
What was India's total installed renewable energy capacity as of 31 March 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 220.10 GW
220.10 GW, up from 198.75 GW a year earlier; 105.65 GW is the solar share.
Consider the following statements about India's solar capacity as of 31 March 2025: 1. Total installed solar capacity crossed 100 GW. 2. Rooftop solar accounted for more than half of the total solar capacity. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. Total solar capacity was 105.65 GW, but rooftop solar was 17.02 GW; ground-mounted installations made up 81.01 GW.
What was India's total installed wind energy capacity at the end of FY 2024-25?
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Correct answer: C — 50.04 GW
50.04 GW, after 4.15 GW was added during the year; 11.58 GW is bioenergy capacity.
Where was the first Himalayan High Altitude Atmospheric and Climate Research Centre inaugurated in April 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Nathatop, Jammu and Kashmir
Nathatop, Jammu and Kashmir; the J&K Government provided the land and the Central University of Jammu is a research partner.
The ICE-CRUNCH project launched in April 2025 is a joint research project between Indian scientists and which institution?
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Correct answer: A — ETH Zurich, Switzerland
ETH Zurich, Switzerland; it studies ice nucleating particles and cloud condensation nuclei in the North-Western Himalayas.
India's largest Trailer Suction Hopper Dredger (12,000 cu.m), reviewed at Cochin Shipyard in April 2025, is being built for the Dredging Corporation of India in partnership with which firm?
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Correct answer: C — IHC Holland
IHC Holland; the dredger is being built by Cochin Shipyard Limited.
Consider the following censuses supported by the Water Resource Census portal launched on 3 April 2025: 1. 7th Minor Irrigation Census 2. 2nd Census of Water Bodies 3. 1st Census of Springs Which of the above are covered?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
PIB (Jal Shakti): the portal aids the 7th Minor Irrigation Census, the 2nd Census of Water Bodies, the 1st Census of Springs and the 1st Census of Major and Medium Irrigation Projects. All three listed are covered.
What is the reference year for the censuses run through the Water Resource Census portal launched in April 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Agricultural year 2023-24
PIB (Jal Shakti): the reference year is the 2023-24 agricultural year (July 2023 to June 2024) under the Irrigation Census Scheme.
How are the censuses supported by the Water Resource Census portal, launched on 3 April 2025, funded?
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Correct answer: D — 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme
PIB (Jal Shakti): the census is a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme, with agricultural year 2023-24 as the reference year under the Irrigation Census Scheme.
How much renewable energy capacity did India add in FY 2024-25, according to the MNRE?
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Correct answer: D — 25 GW
PIB (MNRE): the country added an unprecedented 25 GW of renewable energy capacity in FY 2024-25, against 18.57 GW in the previous year.
India's solar module manufacturing capacity in March 2025, as reported by the MNRE, was about:
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Correct answer: C — 74 GW
PIB (MNRE): solar module manufacturing capacity nearly doubled from 38 GW in March 2024 to 74 GW in March 2025; 25 GW is the PV cell capacity.
During FY 2024-25, India's installed solar capacity crossed which milestone?
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Correct answer: D — 100 GW
PIB (MNRE): the country achieved the significant milestone of surpassing 100 GW of installed solar capacity this year.
Where in Mandalay was the Indian Army field hospital sent under Operation Brahma allocated space on 31 March 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Old Mandalay Airfield
The Army said the field hospital was allocated space at the Old Mandalay Airfield, where a non-operational 200-bed hospital building exists.
Which two Indian Navy ships reached Yangon on the night of 31 March 2025 with about 40 tonnes of relief material?
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Correct answer: C — INS Satpura and INS Savitri
The Hindu reported that INS Satpura and INS Savitri arrived at Yangon on the night of 31 March with about 40 tonnes of relief.
How many Indian Army field-hospital personnel and NDRF personnel reached Mandalay in the 31 March 2025 convoy?
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Correct answer: B — 110 Army and 13 NDRF
The Army said 110 field-hospital personnel and 13 NDRF personnel reached Mandalay.
Consider the following statements about Operation Brahma: 1. It is being carried out under the direction of the Ministry of External Affairs with HQ Integrated Defence Staff, the Army, the IAF and the NDRF. 2. The Indian Army field-hospital convoy reached Mandalay by sea through the port of Mandalay. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The operation runs under MEA direction with HQ IDS, the Army, the IAF and the NDRF. Mandalay is inland; the convoy went by road in Myanmar Army trucks, buses and NDRF vehicles.
With which Myanmar leader did PM Narendra Modi speak on 29 March 2025 after the earthquake?
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Correct answer: D — Min Aung Hlaing
The PM spoke with Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and conveyed India's condolences and support under Operation Brahma.
The 118-member Indian Army medical team sent to Myanmar under Operation Brahma on 29 March 2025 was drawn from which formation?
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Correct answer: D — Shatrujeet Brigade Medical Responders
The team came from the Shatrujeet Brigade Medical Responders, led by Lt Col Jagneet Gill.
On 29 March 2025, the Indian Army said it would set up a Medical Treatment Centre of what capacity in Myanmar under Operation Brahma?
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Correct answer: B — 60 beds
The Army said it would establish a 60-bed Medical Treatment Centre for trauma cases and emergency surgery.
Consider the following statements about the naval component of Operation Brahma: 1. INS Satpura and INS Savitri, which sailed for Yangon on 29 March 2025, belong to the Eastern Naval Command. 2. INS Karmuk and LCU 52 sailed from the Western Naval Command. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Satpura and Savitri are from the Eastern Naval Command. Karmuk and LCU 52 sailed from the Andaman and Nicobar Command, not the Western Naval Command.
Who inaugurated the National Green Tribunal's National Conference on 'Environment – 2025' in New Delhi on 29 March 2025?
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Correct answer: C — President Droupadi Murmu
President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the two-day conference at Vigyan Bhawan.
Who was the Chairperson of the National Green Tribunal when it held the National Conference on Environment in March 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Justice Prakash Shrivastava
Justice Prakash Shrivastava was the NGT Chairperson; Justice Vikram Nath attended as a Supreme Court judge.
Consider the following statements about the National Green Tribunal: 1. It was established on 18 October 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. 2. It is bound by the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The NGT was set up on 18 October 2010 under the NGT Act, 2010. It is not bound by the CPC procedure and is guided by principles of natural justice.
What was Delhi's daily average AQI on 29 March 2025, when CAQM revoked GRAP Stage-I across the NCR?
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Correct answer: B — 153
Delhi's AQI was 153 ('Moderate') on 29 March 2025.
What was the magnitude of the earthquake that struck near Mandalay, Myanmar, on 28 March 2025, as recorded by the USGS?
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Correct answer: C — 7.7
The USGS recorded the 28 March 2025 Mandalay earthquake at magnitude 7.7.
The Myanmar earthquake of 28 March 2025 occurred at 06:20:52 UTC. What was the time in India (IST)?
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Correct answer: B — 11:50 am
IST is UTC + 5:30, so 06:20 UTC was 11:50 am IST. Myanmar time (UTC + 6:30) was 12:50 pm.
On 28 March 2025, PM Narendra Modi asked the MEA to remain in touch with the governments of which two countries after the earthquake?
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Correct answer: D — Myanmar and Thailand
The PM asked the MEA to remain in touch with the governments of Myanmar and Thailand, both hit by the earthquake.
Consider the following statements about the 28 March 2025 Mandalay earthquake: 1. It ruptured about 475 km of the Sagaing Fault, as found by USGS researchers. 2. It was a deep-focus earthquake, originating more than 300 km below the surface. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
USGS researchers found a rupture of about 475 km on the Sagaing Fault. The quake was shallow (about 10 km deep), not deep-focus.
On 28 March 2025, the Amit Shah-led High-Level Committee approved ₹555.70 crore for which State's recovery from the October 2023 GLOF?
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Correct answer: D — Sikkim
₹555.70 crore was approved for Sikkim's recovery and reconstruction after the October 2023 Glacial Lake Outburst Flood.
Consider the following statements about the High-Level Committee that approved NDRF assistance on 28 March 2025: 1. It is chaired by the Union Home Minister and includes the Finance Minister, the Agriculture Minister and the NITI Aayog Vice Chairman. 2. The fire services projects it approved were funded from the Recovery and Reconstruction window of the NDRF. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The committee is chaired by the Home Minister with the FM, Agriculture Minister and NITI VC as members. Fire services projects came from the Preparedness and Capacity Building window; Sikkim's aid came from the Recovery and Reconstruction window.
The mine disaster mock drill held by DGMS on 27 March 2025 took place at Hindustan Copper's Surda mine in which State?
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Correct answer: D — Jharkhand
The Surda Copper Mine is at Ghatshila in East Singhbhum district, Jharkhand.
Which House passed the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024 on 25 March 2025, completing its passage through Parliament?
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Correct answer: A — Rajya Sabha
The Rajya Sabha passed the Bill on 25 March 2025 after Home Minister Amit Shah's reply, completing its passage through Parliament.
The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024, passed by Parliament in March 2025, enables state governments to set up which new body?
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Correct answer: D — Urban Disaster Management Authority
The Bill enables Urban Disaster Management Authorities, fully under state governments, for state capitals and cities with municipal corporations.
According to Amit Shah's reply in the Rajya Sabha on 25 March 2025, at which levels will the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill create disaster databases?
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Correct answer: A — National and state levels
Amit Shah said the Bill would create disaster databases at the national and state levels.
Consider the following statements about the Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024, passed by Parliament on 25 March 2025: 1. It gives statutory status to the National Crisis Management Committee, which is chaired by the Cabinet Secretary. 2. It gives statutory status to the High Level Committee, which is chaired by the Prime Minister. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Per PRS, the NCMC is chaired by the Cabinet Secretary. The HLC, which approves financial assistance to states, is chaired by the minister in charge of the ministry with administrative control over disaster management, not the Prime Minister.
Which stage of the Graded Response Action Plan was invoked across the NCR on 24 March 2025, when Delhi's AQI was 206?
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Correct answer: D — Stage I
With Delhi's AQI at 206 ('Poor', 201–300), CAQM invoked all 27 actions under Stage I of GRAP across the NCR.
What was the theme of World Meteorological Day 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Closing the Early Warning Gap Together
The theme for World Meteorological Day 2025 was 'Closing the Early Warning Gap Together'.
By when does the UN's Early Warnings for All initiative, the focus of World Meteorological Day 2025, aim to cover everyone with early warning systems?
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Correct answer: D — End of 2027
Early Warnings for All seeks to ensure everyone, everywhere is covered by early warning systems by the end of 2027.
Consider the following statements about World Meteorological Day: 1. It commemorates the coming into force of the Convention establishing the WMO on 23 March 1950. 2. In 2025, the WMO marked its 50th anniversary. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The day marks the WMO Convention coming into force on 23 March 1950. 2025 was the WMO's 75th anniversary, not its 50th.
Consider the following statements about the UN's Early Warnings for All initiative, the focus of World Meteorological Day 2025: 1. It was announced by UN Secretary-General António Guterres on World Meteorological Day, 23 March 2022. 2. As of 2024, 108 countries reported some capacity for multi-hazard early warning systems, more than double the 52 countries in 2015. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
The WMO President's statement says Guterres announced the commitment on World Meteorological Day, 23 March 2022, and WMO reported that as of 2024, 108 countries had some multi-hazard early warning capacity, more than double the 52 in 2015.
What was the UN theme for World Water Day 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Glacier Preservation
UN-Water set 'Glacier Preservation' as the theme of World Water Day 2025.
Where was Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain 2025 launched on World Water Day 2025, the first time the campaign was launched outside Delhi?
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Correct answer: B — Panchkula, Haryana
The sixth edition was launched at Panchkula, Haryana, the first time it was launched outside Delhi.
How many focus districts did Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain 2025 give special emphasis to?
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Correct answer: B — 148
The nationwide virtual launch placed special emphasis on 148 focus districts.
Consider the following statements: 1. The UN General Assembly designated 22 March as World Water Day in 1993. 2. The UN declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
The UN fact sheet says the General Assembly designated 22 March as World Water Day in 1993. The UN also declared 2025 the International Year of Glaciers' Preservation, which is why the 2025 theme was 'Glacier Preservation'.
From which vessel did the Indian Navy evacuate injured crew about 230 nautical miles west of Goa on 21 March 2025?
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Correct answer: B — MV Heilan Star
The Navy evacuated three injured crew from MV Heilan Star, a Panama-flagged bulk carrier.
To which naval air station were the injured crew of MV Heilan Star flown on 21 March 2025?
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Correct answer: D — INS Hansa, Goa
The rescued crew were flown to INS Hansa, Goa, and then moved to a civil hospital.
What was the theme of the International Day of Forests 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Forests and Foods
The 2025 theme was 'Forests and Foods', highlighting forests' role in food security, nutrition and livelihoods.
On which date was the first-ever World Day for Glaciers observed in 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 21 March
The first World Day for Glaciers was observed on 21 March 2025, the eve of World Water Day.
Consider the following statements about the International Day of Forests: 1. It was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in 2012. 2. Its annual theme is chosen by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
The UN General Assembly proclaimed 21 March as the International Day of Forests in 2012. The annual theme is chosen by the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, not UNEP.
With which institute did C-DOT partner, as announced on 21 March 2025, to develop a generative AI chatbot for disaster early warning?
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Correct answer: A — IIT Delhi
C-DOT signed the agreement with IIT Delhi for the generative AI-enhanced chatbot.
World Sparrow Day, marked at the National Zoological Park, New Delhi, in 2025, is observed on which date?
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Correct answer: B — 20 March
World Sparrow Day is observed on 20 March; the zoo marked it on 20 March 2025.
Institutes of which university organised the symposium 'India 2047: Building a Climate-Resilient Future' with the Environment Ministry, which began in New Delhi on 19 March 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Harvard University
It was organised by the Lakshmi Mittal and Family South Asia Institute and the Salata Institute for Climate and Sustainability at Harvard University, with MoEFCC.
Which company manufactured the indigenous electrolysers flagged off on 18 March 2025 for the green hydrogen plant at Deendayal Port, Kandla?
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Correct answer: C — Larsen & Toubro (L&T)
The electrolysers were manufactured by L&T under Make in India and flagged off from L&T's Hazira facility.
How much hydrogen per hour is the 1 MW green hydrogen plant at Deendayal Port, Kandla, designed to produce, as stated in March 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 18 kg
The plant at DPA Kandla is to produce 18 kg of hydrogen per hour.
Which city is setting up India's first green waste processing plant on the public-private partnership model under Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban, as announced in March 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Indore
MoHUA said Indore is launching India's first PPP-model green waste processing plant under SBM-Urban, at Bicholi Hapsi.
Which body revoked Stage-I of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) across the NCR on 15 March 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Commission for Air Quality Management in NCR and Adjoining Areas
The CAQM's Sub-Committee on GRAP revoked Stage-I across the entire NCR with immediate effect.
Delhi's AQI of 85, recorded on 15 March 2025 when GRAP Stage-I was revoked, falls in which AQI category?
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Correct answer: B — Satisfactory
An AQI of 85 is in the 'Satisfactory' category (51–100).
Which town was named the world's most polluted metropolitan area in IQAir's World Air Quality Report 2024?
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Correct answer: B — Byrnihat
Byrnihat, on the Assam–Meghalaya border, topped the list with an annual average PM2.5 of 128.2 µg/m³.
What was India's rank among the most polluted countries in IQAir's World Air Quality Report 2024?
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Correct answer: D — Fifth
India ranked fifth at 50.6 µg/m³, improving from third in 2023.
Which country was ranked the most polluted in IQAir's World Air Quality Report 2024?
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Correct answer: A — Chad
Chad topped the list at 91.8 µg/m³, followed by Bangladesh, Pakistan, the DR Congo and India.
Consider the following statements about IQAir's World Air Quality Report 2024: 1. India's annual average PM2.5 concentration was more than ten times the WHO annual guideline of 5 µg/m³. 2. New Delhi was the most polluted capital city. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct: India averaged 50.6 µg/m³ against the WHO guideline of 5 µg/m³, and New Delhi remained the world's most polluted capital.