Brazil Current Affairs Quiz — All time
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
What does the First Additional Protocol to the India–MERCOSUR PTA, signed on 14 September 2026, provide for?
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Correct answer: C — Acceptance of electronic Certificates of Origin
The protocol gives electronic Certificates of Origin the same legal validity as paper ones.
Which country held the Pro Tempore Presidency of MERCOSUR when India and MERCOSUR announced talks to expand their PTA in September 2026?
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Correct answer: A — Uruguay
Uruguay's Foreign Minister Mario Lubetkin acted in the exercise of MERCOSUR's Pro Tempore Presidency.
The First Additional Protocol to the India–MERCOSUR PTA amends a provision in which part of the agreement?
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Correct answer: B — Annex III — Rules of Origin
It amends Article 16 of Annex III (Rules of Origin).
Consider the following about the India–MERCOSUR Preferential Trade Agreement: 1. It was signed in 2004 and entered into force in 2009. 2. Under it, India gives tariff concessions on more tariff lines than MERCOSUR does. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only statement 1 is correct. The PTA was signed on 25 January 2004 and entered into force on 1 June 2009. India offers concessions on 450 tariff lines and MERCOSUR on 452, so MERCOSUR covers slightly more.
Which city hosted the 12th BRICS Communications Ministers' Meeting in August 2026?
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Correct answer: D — Pune
The 12th BRICS Communications Ministers' Meeting was held in Pune, Maharashtra, on 21 August 2026.
What is the theme of the ICT Track under India's BRICS Chairship in 2026?
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Correct answer: C — Innovate, Cooperate and Transform (ICT) for a Resilient Future
Scindia introduced the ICT Track theme 'Innovate, Cooperate and Transform (ICT) for a Resilient Future', with four pillars.
On the sidelines of the BRICS ICT Track meeting in Pune in August 2026, India signed a telecommunications and ICT MoU with which country?
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Correct answer: B — Brazil
Jyotiraditya Scindia and Brazil's Communications Minister Frederico de Siqueira Filho signed the MoU.
India signed an MoU on postal sector cooperation with which country during its President's State Visit in February 2026?
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Correct answer: D — Brazil
India and Brazil signed the postal MoU during President Lula da Silva's State Visit to India.
Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva held talks with PM Narendra Modi in New Delhi on 21 February 2026. Which country is described by India as its largest trading partner in Latin America?
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Correct answer: D — Brazil
PM Modi's press statement on 21 February 2026 said Brazil is India's largest trading partner in Latin America.
During the Modi–Lula talks of 21 February 2026, India and Brazil committed to take bilateral trade beyond what level over the next five years?
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Correct answer: D — $20 billion
PM Modi said both countries are committed to taking bilateral trade beyond twenty billion dollars over the next five years.
Consider the following statements about the India–Brazil talks of 21 February 2026: 1. India is working towards a Centre of Excellence for Digital Public Infrastructure in Brazil. 2. The leaders backed expansion of the India–MERCOSUR trade agreement. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct: Modi said India is working towards a DPI Centre of Excellence in Brazil and that expansion of the India–MERCOSUR agreement will strengthen economic ties.
President Droupadi Murmu hosted Brazilian President Lula at Rashtrapati Bhavan on 21 February 2026 and congratulated him on Brazil hosting which two summits in 2025?
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Correct answer: B — BRICS and COP-30
The President congratulated Lula on the successful hosting of the BRICS Summit and the COP-30 Summit in Brazil in 2025.
India's CDSCO exchanged an MoU on pharmaceutical and medical product regulation with which Brazilian agency on 21 February 2026?
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Correct answer: D — ANVISA
The MoU was exchanged between India's Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) and the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA).
Consider the following statements about the India–Brazil steel-sector MoU of 21 February 2026: 1. It was signed by India's Ministry of Steel with Brazil's Ministry of Mines and Energy. 2. PIB put India's current steelmaking capacity at 300 million tonnes. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB put India's current steelmaking capacity at 218 million tonnes, not 300.
India and Brazil exchanged an access agreement for India's Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) on 21 February 2026. Which Indian body signed it?
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Correct answer: D — CSIR
The agreement was between the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India and the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), Brazil.
With Brazil's INPI joining in February 2026, how many patent offices worldwide have access to India's TKDL database?
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Correct answer: B — Eighteen
PIB said that with the inclusion of INPI, Brazil, the number of patent offices worldwide with access to the TKDL rises to eighteen.
Consider the following statements about the Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL): 1. It was established in 2001 through a collaboration between CSIR and the Ministry of AYUSH. 2. It is available in five international languages, and patent offices get access through non-disclosure agreements. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. TKDL was set up in 2001 by CSIR and the Ministry of AYUSH; it is available in English, German, French, Japanese and Spanish, with access under non-disclosure agreements.
On 22 January 2026, PM Modi received a telephone call from the President of which country, with both reaffirming their Strategic Partnership?
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Correct answer: B — Brazil
PIB (PMO): PM Modi received a call from Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva; both reaffirmed the India–Brazil Strategic Partnership.
Who hosted the IBSA Leaders' Meeting held in Johannesburg on 23 November 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Cyril Ramaphosa
The meeting was hosted by South African President Cyril Ramaphosa and attended by Brazilian President Lula and PM Modi.
At the IBSA Leaders' Meeting (November 2025), PM Modi proposed which platform for sharing Digital Public Infrastructure like UPI and CoWIN?
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Correct answer: A — IBSA Digital Innovation Alliance
The PM proposed an 'IBSA Digital Innovation Alliance' to share DPI such as UPI, health platforms like CoWIN, cybersecurity frameworks and women-led tech initiatives.
Consider the following statements about the IBSA Leaders' Meeting of November 2025: 1. PM Modi noted that the IBSA Fund has supported projects across forty countries. 2. PM Modi proposed an IBSA Fund for Climate Resilient Agriculture. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct as per the PMO release.
PM Modi invited IBSA leaders to which event to be hosted by India?
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Correct answer: D — AI Impact Summit
The PM invited IBSA leaders to the AI Impact Summit to be held in India next year.
The UNFCCC COP30, which concluded in November 2025, was held in which city?
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Correct answer: B — Belém
India delivered its closing statement at the COP30 Closing Plenary in Belém, Brazil, on 22 November 2025.
In its COP30 closing statement, India described the establishment of which mechanism as a 'significant milestone'?
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Correct answer: D — Just Transition Mechanism
India expressed satisfaction with the establishment of the Just Transition Mechanism, calling it a significant milestone.
At COP30, India thanked the Presidency for beginning a long-overdue focus on which Article, linked to developed countries' climate finance obligations?
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Correct answer: C — Article 9.1
India's statement appreciated the Presidency's efforts in beginning the journey towards a long-overdue focus on Article 9.1, in the context of climate finance from developed countries.
In India's National Statement at COP30, Bhupender Yadav called for COP30 to be remembered as a:
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Correct answer: D — COP of Implementation
India called for COP30 to be a 'COP of Implementation' and a 'COP of Delivery on Promises'.
According to India's COP30 National Statement, by how much has India's emission intensity declined since 2005?
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Correct answer: B — Over 36%
India's emission intensity has declined by over 36% since 2005.
Consider the following statements made in India's National Statement at COP30: 1. Non-fossil sources account for more than half of India's installed power capacity, a target achieved five years ahead of 2030. 2. India will declare its revised NDCs up to 2035 and its first Biennial Transparency Report on time. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both statements are correct as per India's National Statement delivered on 17 November 2025.
The 3rd International Ayurveda Conference in São Paulo in November 2025 commemorated how many years of Ayurveda in Brazil?
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Correct answer: C — 40
The conference commemorated 40 years of Ayurveda in Brazil.
Where and when is the WHO–Ministry of Ayush Global Summit on Traditional Medicine to be held, as mentioned at the São Paulo Ayurveda conference?
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Correct answer: A — New Delhi, 17–19 December 2025
Ambassador Dinesh Bhatia said the summit will be held in New Delhi from 17 to 19 December 2025.
On behalf of which groups did India deliver statements at the opening plenary of COP30 in Belém in November 2025?
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Correct answer: B — BASIC and LMDC
India spoke on behalf of the BASIC group (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) and the Like-Minded Developing Countries.
At COP30, India called for implementation of which Article of the Paris Agreement, reaffirming developed countries' legal obligation to provide finance to developing countries?
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Correct answer: C — Article 9.1
India called for implementation of Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement on developed countries' obligation to provide finance.
According to India's statement at COP30, adaptation financing needs to exceed current flows by roughly how many times?
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Correct answer: D — Fifteen times
India noted that adaptation financing needs to exceed nearly fifteen times current flows.
Who delivered India's National Statement at the Leaders' Summit of COP30 in Belém on 7 November 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Dinesh Bhatia, Ambassador of India to Brazil
India's Ambassador to Brazil, Dinesh Bhatia, delivered the National Statement at the Leaders' Summit on 7 November 2025.
In what capacity did India join Brazil's Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) at COP30?
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Correct answer: C — Observer
India welcomed Brazil's initiative to set up the TFFF and joined the Facility as an Observer.
According to India's National Statement at COP30, by how much did India reduce the emission intensity of its GDP between 2005 and 2020?
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Correct answer: B — 36%
The statement said India reduced the emission intensity of GDP by 36% between 2005 and 2020. 50% refers to the non-fossil share of installed power capacity.
When was the Framework Agreement between India and MERCOSUR, recalled in the India–Brazil Joint Declaration of October 2025, signed?
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Correct answer: B — 17 June 2003
PIB: the Joint Declaration recalled the Framework Agreement signed between India and MERCOSUR on 17 June 2003.
Who signed the Joint Declaration on deepening the MERCOSUR–India trade agreement with Piyush Goyal on 16 October 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Geraldo Alckmin, Vice President of Brazil
PIB: the Vice President of Brazil and Minister of Development, Industry, Trade and Services, Geraldo Alckmin, and Piyush Goyal issued the Joint Declaration.
Consider the following statements about the India–Brazil Joint Declaration on the MERCOSUR–India PTA (October 2025): 1. The parties should endeavour to conclude negotiations within one year from their launch. 2. A meeting of the Joint Administration Committee created under Article 23 of the PTA is to help define the scope of the expansion. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both are correct. PIB: the parties should endeavour to conclude negotiations within one year; the next step includes a meeting of the Joint Administration Committee under Article 23 of the PTA to define the scope.
Where was COP30 to the UNFCCC scheduled to be held from 10 to 21 November 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Belém, Brazil
PIB: the 30th Conference of Parties (CoP30) to the UNFCCC would be held in Belém from November 10–21, 2025; the Pre-COP was in Brasilia.
At the Pre-COP30 Ministerial Roundtable in October 2025, India said COP30 should be the 'COP of':
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Correct answer: D — Adaptation
PIB: 'COP30 should be the COP of Adaptation', the Minister emphasized, urging a minimum package of indicators from the UAE–Belém Work Programme.
During PM Modi's July 2025 State visit to Brazil, India and Brazil set a target of raising bilateral trade within five years to:
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Correct answer: B — USD 20 billion
PIB: the leaders set a target to increase bilateral trade to USD 20 billion over the next five years.
Consider the following statements: 1. Brazil is India's largest trading partner in the Latin American and Caribbean region. 2. India–Brazil bilateral merchandise trade in FY 2024-25 was about USD 20 billion. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Only 1 is correct. PIB: Brazil is the largest trading partner of India in the LAC region; bilateral merchandise trade in FY 2024-25 stood at USD 12.19 billion (USD 20 billion is the five-year target).
At the G20 Rio session on 19 November 2024, PM Modi said how much of India's 500 GW renewable energy target for 2030 had been achieved?
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Correct answer: D — 200 GW
PIB (PMO): India has set a target of 500 GW of renewable energy by 2030, of which 200 GW has been achieved.
PM Modi addressed which G20 Summit session in Rio de Janeiro on 19 November 2024?
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Correct answer: D — Sustainable Development and Energy Transition
PIB (PMO): PM Modi addressed the G20 Summit session on Sustainable Development and Energy Transition.
Consider the following, as recalled by PM Modi at the G20 Rio session: 1. At the New Delhi G20 Summit, the group resolved to triple renewable energy capacity by 2030. 2. At the New Delhi G20 Summit, the group resolved to double the energy efficiency rate by 2030. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (PMO): during the New Delhi G20 Summit the group resolved to triple renewable energy capacity and double the energy efficiency rate by 2030.
Where was the 2nd India-Australia Annual Summit held on 19 November 2024?
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Correct answer: A — Rio de Janeiro
PIB (MEA joint statement): the summit was held on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in Rio de Janeiro on 19 November 2024.
In which Indian city did the 2nd India-Australia Annual Summit welcome the opening of a new Australian Consulate-General?
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Correct answer: D — Bengaluru
PIB (MEA joint statement): the leaders welcomed the new Consulate-General of Australia in Bengaluru and of India in Brisbane.
Consider the following about the 2nd India-Australia Annual Summit: 1. The leaders welcomed the launch of the India-Australia Renewable Energy Partnership. 2. The Australia-India Business Exchange (AIBX) was extended for another four years from July 2024. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MEA joint statement): both are correct; the REP covers solar PV, green hydrogen, energy storage and related areas.
With which Latin American President did PM Modi hold his first bilateral meeting on 19 November 2024 in Rio, discussing critical minerals including lithium?
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Correct answer: B — Javier Milei of Argentina
PIB (PMO): Modi's meeting with Argentina's President Javier Milei was their first bilateral meeting; cooperation areas include critical minerals including lithium.
PM Modi conveyed India's strong support for which Brazilian initiative when he met President Lula in Rio on 19 November 2024?
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Correct answer: B — Global Alliance Against Poverty and Hunger
PIB (PMO): Modi commended the Brazilian initiative to establish the Global Alliance Against Poverty and Hunger and conveyed India's strong support.
Consider the following about PM Modi's meeting with Chile's President Gabriel Boric Font on 19 November 2024: 1. It was the first meeting between the two leaders. 2. They agreed to explore opportunities to further expand the India-Chile Preferential Trade Agreement. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (PMO): this was their first meeting; both sides agreed to cooperate in critical minerals and explore further expanding the PTA.
Which countries made up the G20 Troika that issued the 'Declaration on Digital Public Infrastructure, AI and Data for Governance' at Rio in November 2024?
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Correct answer: A — India, Brazil and South Africa
PIB (MEA): the joint communiqué was issued by the G20 Troika of India, Brazil and South Africa.
Consider the following about the G20 Troika declaration of November 2024: 1. It was endorsed by several G20 countries, guest countries and international organisations. 2. It calls for a technology-neutral approach to deploying DPI, AI and data for development. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MEA): the communiqué was endorsed by several G20 countries, guest countries and international organisations, and calls for a technology-neutral approach.
What was the theme of the opening session of the G20 Rio Summit addressed by PM Modi on 18 November 2024?
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Correct answer: B — Social Inclusion and the Fight against Hunger and Poverty
PIB (PMO): PM Modi addressed the opening session of the G20 Summit on 'Social Inclusion and the Fight against Hunger and Poverty'.
At the G20 Rio Summit on 18 November 2024, PM Modi said India had pulled how many people out of poverty in the last ten years?
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Correct answer: C — 250 million
PIB (PMO): India pulled 250 million people out of poverty in the last ten years and distributes free foodgrains to 800 million people.
Consider the following about PM Modi's address at the G20 Rio opening session: 1. He described India's approach to food security as 'Back to Basics and March to Future'. 2. He welcomed the Brazilian initiative to establish a Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (PMO): both are correct.
India and Italy announced a Joint Strategic Action Plan for which period at the G20 Rio Summit on 18 November 2024?
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Correct answer: B — 2025-2029
PIB (MEA): PM Modi and PM Meloni announced the Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025-2029.
Where had PM Modi and Italian PM Giorgia Meloni met in June 2024, before their meeting at the G20 Rio Summit?
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Correct answer: D — Puglia
PIB (MEA): the Rio meeting was their fifth in two years; they last met in June 2024 in Puglia.
Consider the following about the India-Italy Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025-2029: 1. It includes a pilot project to train health professionals in India for employment in Italy. 2. It provides for cooperation between the Italian Space Agency and ISRO. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MEA): both are in the plan, along with an Italian space industry mission to India ideally by mid-2025.
In which two UK cities did PM Modi announce new Consulates General of India during his first meeting with PM Keir Starmer on 18 November 2024?
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Correct answer: D — Belfast and Manchester
PIB (MEA): PM Modi announced two new Consulates General of India in the UK in Belfast and Manchester.
The year 2025 marks the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between India and which country, as noted at a G20 Rio meeting on 18 November 2024?
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Correct answer: A — Portugal
PIB (MEA): Modi and Portugal's PM Luís Montenegro noted that 2025 marks 50 years of India-Portugal diplomatic relations.
Consider the following about PM Modi's meetings at G20 Rio on 18 November 2024: 1. His meeting with Indonesia's President Prabowo Subianto was their first. 2. His meeting with France's President Emmanuel Macron was their first of the year. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
PIB (MEA): the meeting with Prabowo was their first; the meeting with Macron was their third that year, after his Republic Day visit to India.
In his departure statement of 16 November 2024, PM Modi said he would attend the 19th G20 Summit in Brazil in which capacity?
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Correct answer: B — As a Troika member
PIB (PMO): PM Modi said he would attend the 19th G20 Summit as a Troika member.
PM Modi's November 2024 visit to Guyana was described as the first by an Indian Prime Minister in over how many years?
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Correct answer: D — 50 years
PIB (PMO): the departure statement said it would be the first visit of an Indian Prime Minister to Guyana in over 50 years.
Which summit did PM Modi say he would join in Guyana during his November 2024 visit?
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Correct answer: C — 2nd India-CARICOM Summit
PIB (PMO): PM Modi said he would join Caribbean leaders for the 2nd India-CARICOM Summit.