Judiciary Current Affairs Quiz — Last 12 months
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
How many members took part in the Lok Sabha debate on the VB-G RAM G Bill before it was passed on 18 December 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 98
The Indian Express and News18: Shivraj Singh Chouhan said he listened to 98 MPs who took part in the debate.
Consider the following statements about the VB-G RAM G Bill, 2025 as explained in the PIB backgrounder of 18 December 2025: 1. It shifts rural employment from a central sector scheme to a centrally sponsored framework. 2. All assets created will be aggregated in the Viksit Bharat National Rural Infrastructure Stack. 3. The estimated annual central share is ₹1,51,282 crore. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
PIB 2205734: the Bill moves to a centrally sponsored framework and aggregates assets in the Viksit Bharat National Rural Infrastructure Stack. ₹1,51,282 crore is the total annual requirement including the State share; the central share is ₹95,692.31 crore, so statement 3 is wrong.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four priority areas of works under the VB-G RAM G Bill, 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Urban housing for migrant workers
PIB 2205734: the four areas are water security, core rural infrastructure, livelihood-related infrastructure and special works to mitigate extreme weather events. Urban housing is not one of them.
Who introduced the Hate Speech and Hate Crimes (Prevention) Bill, 2025 in the Karnataka Assembly on 10 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — G. Parameshwara
BusinessLine (PTI) and Moneycontrol: the Bill was presented in the House by Home Minister G. Parameshwara on 10 December.
Consider the following statements about the Karnataka Hate Speech and Hate Crimes (Prevention) Bill, 2025: 1. It is described as the first such law in the country. 2. It provides for jail of up to seven years and a fine of up to ₹1 lakh. 3. It was passed by the Assembly during its session in Bengaluru. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
BusinessLine (PTI) and Moneycontrol: the first such law, with jail up to seven years and a fine up to ₹1 lakh. It was passed in Belagavi, not Bengaluru, so statement 3 is wrong.
Where was the second edition of the India–UAE Joint Military Exercise Desert Cyclone held from 18 to 30 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Abu Dhabi, UAE
PIB 2205132: Desert Cyclone-II was scheduled at Abu Dhabi, UAE from 18 to 30 December 2025.
Consider the following statements about Exercise Desert Cyclone-II: 1. The Indian contingent comprises 45 personnel, mainly from The Mechanised Infantry Regiment. 2. The UAE is represented by the 53 Mechanised Infantry Battalion. 3. The exercise focuses on conventional desert warfare outside any UN mandate. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 and 2 only
PIB 2205132: 45 Indian personnel mainly from The Mechanised Infantry Regiment, and the UAE's 53 Mechanised Infantry Battalion. The focus is sub-conventional operations in urban terrain under a UN mandate, so statement 3 is wrong.
On which principle were Regional Rural Banks consolidated with effect from 1 May 2025, before a common RRB logo was unveiled in December 2025?
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Correct answer: C — One State One RRB
PIB 2205824: on the principle of 'One State One RRB', 26 RRBs across 11 States/UTs were consolidated from 01.05.2025.
Consider the following statements about Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) and their new common logo: 1. 26 RRBs across 11 States/UTs were consolidated with effect from 1 May 2025. 2. There are now 28 RRBs. 3. In the logo, the hands symbolise enlightenment. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1 and 2 only
PIB 2205824: 26 RRBs in 11 States/UTs were consolidated from 1 May 2025 and 28 RRBs now operate. In the logo the hands stand for nurturing and the flame for enlightenment, so statement 3 is wrong.
The Order of Oman, conferred on Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 18 December 2025, was instituted in 1970 by whom?
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Correct answer: C — Sultan Qaboos bin Said
PIB 2206032: the Order of Oman was instituted in 1970 by Sultan Qaboos bin Said.
At which palace was Prime Minister Modi received by Sultan Haitham bin Tarik on 18 December 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Al Baraka Palace
PIB 2206044: the Prime Minister was received by His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tarik on 18 December 2025 at Al Baraka Palace.
Consider the following statements about Prime Minister Modi's visit to Oman in December 2025: 1. The visit took place in the year marking 70 years of India–Oman diplomatic relations. 2. An MoU on maritime heritage and museums covers the National Maritime Heritage Complex at Lothal. 3. The visit followed Sultan Haitham bin Tarik's State Visit to India in December 2023. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
PIB 2206044 and 2205993: the visit marked 70 years of diplomatic ties, the maritime heritage MoU includes NMHC Lothal, and it followed the Sultan's State Visit to India in December 2023. All three are correct.
Kumari Beel and Dhamar Beel, which the Assam Cabinet approved as Proposed Reserved Forests on 18 December 2025, are in which district?
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Correct answer: A — Goalpara
News Live and The Economic Times: both beels are in Goalpara district.
Under which law did the Assam Cabinet approve declaring Kumari Beel and Dhamar Beel as Proposed Reserved Forests?
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Correct answer: C — Assam Forest Regulation, 1891
News Live and The Economic Times: the declaration is under the relevant provisions of the Assam Forest Regulation, 1891.
How many yachts will the 'Viksit Bharat Mumbai Marina', approved in December 2025, be able to berth?
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Correct answer: C — 424
PIB 2206251: the marina will have capacity to berth 424 yachts of up to 30 metres.
Under the hybrid model for the Viksit Bharat Mumbai Marina, which body will invest about ₹470 crore in the core marina infrastructure?
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Correct answer: B — Mumbai Port Authority
PIB 2206251: the Mumbai Port Authority will invest about ₹470 crore on an EPC basis, and a private operator about ₹417 crore onshore.
How many mobile forensic laboratory vehicles did Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar flag off in Patna on 18 December 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 34
TOI, Hindustan Times and UNI: the Chief Minister flagged off 34 mobile forensic vehicles.
What is the main purpose of the 34 mobile forensic vans flagged off in Bihar on 18 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Collecting and examining evidence at the crime scene
TOI, Hindustan Times and UNI: the vans let forensic teams collect evidence and begin investigation at the crime scene instead of waiting for laboratory results.
Under which law did the Competition Commission of India decide on 18 December 2025 to proceed in the IndiGo flight disruptions matter?
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Correct answer: D — Competition Act, 2002
PIB 2206091: the Commission decided to proceed further in accordance with the provisions of the Competition Act, 2002.
The Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha (Amendment of Insurance Laws) Bill, 2025, passed by Parliament on 17 December 2025, allows FDI in insurance companies up to what limit?
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Correct answer: C — 100%
PIB 2206011: a key feature of the Bill is to allow up to 100% Foreign Direct Investment in insurance companies.
Under the Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Bill, 2025, the Net Owned Fund requirement for foreign reinsurance branches has been reduced from ₹5,000 crore to:
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Correct answer: B — ₹1,000 crore
PIB 2206011: the Net Owned Fund requirement of foreign reinsurance branches has been reduced from ₹5,000 crore to ₹1,000 crore.
Which of the following Acts is NOT amended by the Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha (Amendment of Insurance Laws) Bill, 2025?
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Correct answer: D — General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act, 1972
PIB 2206011: the Bill amends three Acts: the Insurance Act, 1938, the LIC Act, 1956 and the IRDA Act, 1999. The General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act is not among them.
Consider the following statements about the Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha Bill, 2025: 1. The limit for seeking prior regulatory approval for transfer of share capital has been raised from 1% to 5%. 2. A Policyholders' Education and Protection Fund will be set up. 3. IRDAI is given the power to disgorge wrongful gains from insurers and intermediaries. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
PIB 2206011: the share-transfer approval limit rises from 1% to 5%, a Policyholders' Education and Protection Fund will be set up, and IRDAI gets the power to disgorge wrongful gains. All three are correct.
The Adwa Victory Monument in Addis Ababa, where PM Modi laid a wreath on 17 December 2025, honours Ethiopian soldiers of the Battle of Adwa fought in which year?
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Correct answer: A — 1896
PIB 2205113: the memorial is dedicated to Ethiopian soldiers who died for the sovereignty of their nation at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.
In which year were formal diplomatic ties between India and Ethiopia established?
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Correct answer: B — 1950
PIB backgrounder 2205431: formal diplomatic ties between India and Ethiopia were established in 1950.
Consider the following statements about Prime Minister Modi's visit to Ethiopia in December 2025: 1. It was his first bilateral visit to Ethiopia. 2. India–Ethiopia ties were elevated to a Strategic Partnership. 3. India–Ethiopia bilateral trade in 2024–25 was driven mainly by Ethiopian exports to India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — 1 and 2 only
PIB 2205106 and 2205431: it was the PM's first bilateral visit and ties were elevated to a Strategic Partnership. Of the US$ 550.19 million trade in 2024–25, Indian exports were US$ 476.81 million and imports US$ 73.38 million, so the trade is export-driven from India and statement 3 is wrong.
As per the Ministry of Railways on 17 December 2025, about what share of Indian Railways' broad gauge network has been electrified?
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Correct answer: C — 99.2%
PIB 2205232: about 99.2% of the broad gauge network has been electrified.
According to the UIC report of June 2025 cited by the Ministry of Railways, which of these countries has the highest share of railway electrification?
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Correct answer: C — Switzerland
PIB 2205232: as per the UIC report of June 2025, Switzerland has 100% railway electrification, against China 82%, Spain 67% and Japan 64%.
Consider the following statements about railway electrification in India as per the Ministry of Railways (17 December 2025): 1. More route kilometres were electrified in 2014–25 than in about 60 years before 2014. 2. All 18 railway zones listed are 100% electrified. 3. Electrification achieved in 2024–25 was higher than in 2023–24. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
PIB 2205232: 46,900 route km were electrified in 2014–25 against 21,801 before 2014 (statement 1 correct). Only 14 zones are at 100%; North Western, Southern, Northeast Frontier and South Western are below (statement 2 wrong). Electrification was 7,188 RKM in 2023–24 and 2,701 RKM in 2024–25 (statement 3 wrong).
INAS 335 'The Ospreys', commissioned on 17 December 2025, operates which helicopter?
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Correct answer: A — MH-60R
PIB 2205534: INAS 335 is the second Indian Naval Air Squadron to operate MH-60R helicopters.
At which naval air station was INAS 335 commissioned on 17 December 2025?
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Correct answer: D — INS Hansa, Goa
PIB 2205534 and ET: INAS 335 was commissioned at INS Hansa, Goa.
Consider the following statements about INAS 335: 1. It is the first Indian Naval Air Squadron to operate MH-60R helicopters. 2. Its commissioning ceremony was presided over by the Chief of the Naval Staff. 3. It will augment the Navy's aviation capabilities on the Western Seaboard. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 2 and 3 only
PIB 2205534: INAS 335 is the second MH-60R squadron (the first was commissioned in Kochi in March 2024), the ceremony was presided over by CNS Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi, and the helicopters will augment aviation on the Western Seaboard. Statement 1 is wrong.
According to the Communications Minister's statement in the Lok Sabha on 17 December 2025, India's telecom exports in 2024–25 stood at:
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Correct answer: A — ₹18,406 crore
PIB 2205493: telecom exports rose from ₹10,000 crore in 2020–21 to ₹18,406 crore in 2024–25, a 72% rise; imports stayed at about ₹51,000 crore.
As per the Minister of Communications on 17 December 2025, how many of India's 778 districts are connected to the 5G network?
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Correct answer: C — 767
PIB 2205493: out of 778 districts, 767 have been connected to the 5G network.
Ram Sutar, who died on 17 December 2025, was the sculptor of which of the following?
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Correct answer: B — Statue of Unity, Kevadia
TOI, The Week (PTI) and The Tribune: Ram Sutar designed the Statue of Unity of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel at Kevadia, Gujarat.
Ram Sutar was born in 1925 in Gondur village of which district of Maharashtra?
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Correct answer: A — Dhule
TOI and The Week (PTI): Ram Sutar was born on 19 February 1925 in Gondur village in Maharashtra's Dhule district.
In which year was Ram Sutar conferred the Padma Bhushan?
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Correct answer: C — 2016
TOI and The Week (PTI): Ram Sutar received the Padma Shri in 1999 and the Padma Bhushan in 2016.
The Kerala Cabinet on 17 December 2025 sanctioned posts for the first phase of the Institute of Organ Transplantation in which city?
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Correct answer: D — Kozhikode
The Hindu and The New Indian Express: the Cabinet sanctioned posts for the first phase of the Institute of Organ Transplantation in Kozhikode.
How many posts did the Kerala Cabinet sanction on 17 December 2025 for the first phase of the Kozhikode organ transplant institute?
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Correct answer: C — 60
The Hindu and The New Indian Express: 60 posts were sanctioned: 14 professors, 7 associate professors and 39 assistant professors.
On whose recommendation did the Kerala Cabinet decide on 17 December 2025 to add the Balija and related communities to the State OBC list?
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Correct answer: B — Kerala State Commission for Backward Classes
The Hindu and The New Indian Express: the decision followed the recommendation of the Kerala State Commission for Backward Classes.
INTA, with which ICAR signed a Work Plan 2025–27 on 17 December 2025, is the National Institute of Agricultural Technology of which country?
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Correct answer: D — Argentina
PIB 2205117: ICAR and the National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Argentina, signed the Work Plan 2025–2027.
Who exchanged the ICAR–INTA Work Plan on behalf of India on 17 December 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Dr M.L. Jat
PIB 2205117: Dr M.L. Jat, Secretary DARE and Director General ICAR, exchanged the Work Plan with Argentina's Ambassador Mariano Agustin Caucino.
Karnataka's first Gen Z-themed post office, opened on 17 December 2025, is located at which institution?
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Correct answer: B — Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru
PIB 2205818: the Achit Nagar Post Office at Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, is Karnataka's first Gen Z-themed post office.
What is the name of the counter at Karnataka's first Gen Z Post Office where visitors can get personalised stamps printed?
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Correct answer: D — MyStamp
PIB 2205818: visitors can get personalised stamps printed at the 'MyStamp' counter.
Where was Jammu and Kashmir's first Gen Z Post Office inaugurated on 17 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — AIIMS Vijaypur
PIB 2206001: J&K's first Gen Z Post Office was inaugurated at the AIIMS Vijaypur campus on 17 December 2025.
With the opening of a Gen Z Post Office on 17 December 2025, AIIMS Vijaypur became:
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Correct answer: A — the first AIIMS in the country to host a Gen Z Post Office
PIB 2206001: AIIMS Vijaypur became the first AIIMS in the country to host a Gen Z Post Office.
The VB–G RAM G Bill, 2025, introduced in the Lok Sabha on 16 December 2025, proposes a statutory guarantee of how many days of wage employment a year?
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Correct answer: C — 125 days
PIB 2204816: the Bill provides a statutory guarantee of 125 days of wage employment every year, against the earlier 100-day guarantee.
In the VB–G RAM G Bill, 2025, what does 'G RAM G' stand for?
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Correct answer: A — Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin)
PIB 2204816: the Bill is the Viksit Bharat–Guarantee for Rozgar and Ajeevika Mission (Gramin) or VB–G RAM G Bill, 2025.
Consider the following statements about the VB–G RAM G Bill, 2025 as introduced on 16 December 2025: 1. It was introduced in the Lok Sabha by the Minister of Rural Development. 2. It provides for grading of panchayats so that less developed panchayats get more work. 3. The total provision announced for it is more than ₹1,51,282 crore. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
PIB 2204816: Shivraj Singh Chouhan introduced it in the Lok Sabha, the Bill grades panchayats to assign more work to less developed ones, and a provision of more than ₹1,51,282 crore has been made. All three are correct.
Which award did Prime Minister Narendra Modi receive from Ethiopia on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Great Honour Nishan of Ethiopia
PIB 2204955: Ethiopian PM Abiy Ahmed conferred Ethiopia's highest award, the 'Great Honor Nishan of Ethiopia', on PM Modi.
Where was the ceremony conferring Ethiopia's highest award on PM Modi held on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Addis International Convention Centre
PIB 2204955: the special ceremony was hosted at the Addis International Convention Centre.
Consider the following outcomes of Prime Minister Modi's visit to Ethiopia in December 2025: 1. An MoU on debt restructuring of Ethiopia under the G20 Common Framework 2. Doubling of ICCR scholarships for Ethiopian scholars 3. A Free Trade Agreement between India and Ethiopia Which of the above is/are part of the official list of outcomes?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
PIB 2204943: the outcomes list includes the debt restructuring MoU under the G20 Common Framework and doubling of ICCR scholarships. No Free Trade Agreement was signed.
Which AI tool anchors the AFMS community screening programme for diabetic retinopathy launched on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: A — MadhuNetrAI
PIB 2204763: the programme is anchored by MadhuNetrAI, a web-based AI tool developed by the Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS.
Which of the following is NOT among the seven pilot locations of the AFMS AI-driven diabetic retinopathy screening programme?
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Correct answer: D — Lucknow
PIB 2204763: the seven pilot locations are Pune, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Dharamshala, Gaya, Jorhat and Kochi. Lucknow is not one of them.
The Param Vir Dirgha inaugurated at Rashtrapati Bhavan on 16 December 2025 displays portraits of how many Param Vir Chakra awardees?
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Correct answer: B — 21
PIB 2204485: the gallery has the portraits of all 21 Param Vir Chakra awardees on display.
Before the Param Vir Dirgha was created, the corridors at Rashtrapati Bhavan displayed portraits of:
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Correct answer: A — British ADCs
PIB 2204485: the corridors earlier displayed portraits of British ADCs.
On which occasion was the Param Vir Dirgha inaugurated on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: D — Vijay Diwas
PIB 2204485: the President inaugurated the Param Vir Dirgha on the occasion of Vijay Diwas.
Which Indian Coast Guard ship made the first-ever ICG visit to Chabahar port, Iran, from 16 to 19 December 2025?
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Correct answer: C — ICGS Sarthak
PIB 2205444: ICG Ship Sarthak, an Offshore Patrol Vessel, visited Chabahar from 16 to 19 December 2025, the first-ever visit of an ICG ship to the port.
Before arriving at Chabahar in December 2025, ICG Ship Sarthak visited which country during its Gulf deployment?
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Correct answer: C — Kuwait
PIB 2205444: the Chabahar port call followed the ship's earlier visit to Kuwait, where it interacted with the Kuwait Coast Guard.
How much was the special package approved by the Madhya Pradesh Cabinet on 16 December 2025 for families affected by the Upper Narmada, Raghavpur and Basania projects?
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Correct answer: B — ₹1,782 crore
The New Indian Express and PTI (Rediff): the Cabinet approved a ₹1,782 crore special package, in addition to ₹1,656.02 crore in the DPRs; the projects cost ₹5,512.11 crore.
The Upper Narmada, Raghavpur and Basania projects covered by Madhya Pradesh's December 2025 relief package are located in which districts?
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Correct answer: B — Anuppur, Mandla, Dindori
The New Indian Express and PTI (Rediff): the projects are in Anuppur, Mandla and Dindori districts.
Under Madhya Pradesh's special package of 16 December 2025, how much compensation will each submergence-affected family receive?
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Correct answer: D — ₹12.50 lakh
The New Indian Express and PTI (Rediff): 13,873 affected families will get ₹12.50 lakh per family.
The Saat Nischay-3 programme approved by the Bihar Cabinet on 16 December 2025 covers which period?
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Correct answer: B — 2025–2030
The Hindu and ETV Bharat: Saat Nischay-3 will be implemented over five years, from 2025 to 2030.
Which of the following is the first of the seven resolves under Bihar's Saat Nischay-3?
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Correct answer: D — Double Employment-Double Income
The Hindu and ETV Bharat: the seven resolves begin with Double Employment-Double Income, followed by Prosperous Industry-Empowered Bihar and others.
By what date must IRDAI-regulated entities adopt '1600' series numbers for service and transactional calls under TRAI's Direction of 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: C — 15 February 2026
PIB 2205350: the last date for adoption of 1600-series numbers by IRDAI-regulated entities is 15 February 2026.
Before IRDAI, TRAI had issued similar Directions mandating 1600-series numbers for entities regulated by which regulators?
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Correct answer: A — RBI, SEBI and PFRDA
PIB 2205350: TRAI had earlier issued similar Directions for entities regulated by RBI, SEBI and PFRDA.
Which policy did Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi launch at the Odisha Pharma Summit on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Odisha Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Policy 2025
OrissaPOST, ET and The New Indian Express: the CM launched the Odisha Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Policy 2025 at the summit.
Where is the medical devices manufacturing park unveiled at the Odisha Pharma Summit on 16 December 2025 located?
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Correct answer: B — Khordha
ET and The New Indian Express: a pharmaceutical park at Khordha-Nayagarh and a medical devices manufacturing park at Khordha were unveiled.
Which company built DSC A20, the first Diving Support Craft commissioned by the Indian Navy on 16 December 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Titagarh Rail Systems Limited
PIB 2204647: DSC A20 was built indigenously by M/s Titagarh Rail Systems Limited, Kolkata.
What type of hull does the Diving Support Craft DSC A20 have?
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Correct answer: C — Catamaran
PIB 2204647: DSC A20 is a catamaran-hull ship with a displacement of about 390 tonnes.
Consider the following statements about DSC A20: 1. It is the first of five Diving Support Craft ordered by the Ministry of Defence. 2. It was commissioned at Naval Base Kochi. 3. Its hydrodynamic model testing was undertaken at NSTL, Visakhapatnam. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
PIB 2204647: DSC A20 is the first of five Diving Support Craft, it was commissioned at Naval Base Kochi, and its hydrodynamic analysis and model testing were done at NSTL, Visakhapatnam. All three are correct.
Which of the following bodies is NOT proposed to be subsumed under the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan by the Bill introduced on 15 December 2025?
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Correct answer: D — National Medical Commission
PIB 2204351: UGC, AICTE and NCTE are to be subsumed under the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan. The National Medical Commission is not.
How many independent Councils does the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan Bill, 2025 propose under the apex body?
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Correct answer: A — Three
PIB 2204351: the Bill establishes the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan as an apex body with three independent Councils for Standards, Regulation and Accreditation.
The reform of the higher education regulatory system proposed in the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhishthan Bill, 2025 is envisaged in which chapter of the National Education Policy 2020?
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Correct answer: A — Chapter 18
PIB 2204351: NEP 2020, as envisaged in Chapter 18, calls for a fundamental transformation of the higher education regulatory system.