Environment & Ecology Current Affairs Quiz — All time
Daily news by your exam, state and topic — each with a short summary, key facts and MCQs.
Where was the national event for World Elephant Day 2025 held?
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Correct answer: B — Coimbatore
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change held the national World Elephant Day event at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu on 12 August 2025.
Consider the following statements shared by the Environment Ministry on World Elephant Day 2025: 1. India is home to about 60% of the world's wild elephants. 2. India has 50 notified Elephant Reserves. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct: India is home to about 60% of the world's wild elephants. Statement 2 is incorrect: the ministry cited 33 Elephant Reserves, along with 150 elephant corridors.
Where were the World Lion Day 2025 celebrations of the Environment Ministry and Gujarat government held?
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Correct answer: C — Barda Wildlife Sanctuary
World Lion Day 2025 was celebrated at Barda Wildlife Sanctuary in Devbhumi Dwarka district, Gujarat.
According to the Environment Minister on World Lion Day 2025, what is India's Asiatic lion population in 2025?
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Correct answer: D — 891
Bhupender Yadav said India's lion population has grown to 891 in 2025, up from 674 in 2020.
Consider the following statements about Asiatic lion conservation, as highlighted on World Lion Day 2025: 1. Project Lion was announced by the Prime Minister on 15 August 2020. 2. The lion population was 674 in 2020. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both statements are correct. Project Lion was announced in the Independence Day address of 15 August 2020, and the population has risen from 674 in 2020 to 891 in 2025.
What is the scientific name of the Asiatic lion?
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Correct answer: A — Panthera leo persica
The Asiatic lion's scientific name is Panthera leo persica, as noted by the Environment Minister on World Lion Day 2025.
Till when has the PM E-DRIVE scheme been extended, as announced in August 2025?
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Correct answer: A — 31 March 2028
The Ministry of Heavy Industries extended the PM E-DRIVE scheme by two years, from 31 March 2026 to 31 March 2028.
What is the total outlay of the PM E-DRIVE scheme, which was kept unchanged when the scheme was extended in August 2025?
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Correct answer: A — ₹10,900 crore
The scheme was originally notified on 29 September 2024 with an outlay of ₹10,900 crore, and the extension is within the same outlay.
Consider the following statements about the extension of the PM E-DRIVE scheme in August 2025: 1. Support for registered electric two-wheelers will also continue till 31 March 2028. 2. The extension is meant for e-trucks, e-buses and testing agencies. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 2 only
Statement 1 is incorrect: the terminal date for registered e-2Ws, e-rickshaws and e-carts, and e-3Ws (L5) remains 31 March 2026. Statement 2 is correct: the extension to 31 March 2028 is for e-trucks, e-buses and testing agencies.
Dharali, devastated by a flash flood and debris slide on 5 August 2025, is in which district of Uttarakhand?
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Correct answer: C — Uttarkashi
Dharali village lies in Uttarkashi district; the flash flood followed a sharp rise in the Kheer Ganga river.
Consider the following statements about the Dharali disaster of 5 August 2025: 1. The flash flood followed a sharp rise in the water level of the Kheer Ganga river. 2. IMD data from Harsil showed rainfall of over 100 mm per hour, confirming a cloudburst. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
Statement 1 is correct: the Dharali market area was hit after the Kheer Ganga's water level rose. Statement 2 is incorrect: an IMD scientist said Harsil recorded only 8 mm between 8:30 am and 4:30 pm, which does not meet the cloudburst criterion of 100 mm or more per hour.
The India Electric Mobility Index launched by NITI Aayog in August 2025 scores States/UTs out of 100 across how many indicators?
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Correct answer: C — 16
The IEMI scores all States and UTs out of 100 across 16 indicators under three core themes.
According to NITI Aayog's August 2025 EV report, India seeks to attain what share of electric vehicles in total vehicles sold by 2030?
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Correct answer: D — 30%
The report states that India seeks to attain a 30% share of electric vehicles in total vehicles sold by 2030.
Consider the following statements about NITI Aayog's EV releases of August 2025: 1. Charging Infrastructure Readiness is one of the three themes of the India Electric Mobility Index. 2. EV sales in India rose from 50,000 in 2016 to 2.08 million in 2024. Which of the above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Both statements are correct. Charging Infrastructure Readiness is one of the IEMI's three themes, and the report notes EV sales rose from 50,000 in 2016 to 2.08 million in 2024.
The 'Matri Van' urban forest launched in Gurugram's Aravalli area in August 2025 is spread over how much area?
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Correct answer: B — 750 acres
Matri Van is a theme-based urban forest to be developed over 750 acres in the Aravalli hill area.
The 'Matri Van' initiative launched in Gurugram in August 2025 falls under which Government of India programme?
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Correct answer: D — Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam
Matri Van was launched under the Government of India's Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam programme, as part of Van Mahotsav 2025.
Which institute's study, highlighted in August 2025, found toxic metals in clouds over the Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats?
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Correct answer: D — Bose Institute
The study was carried out by Bose Institute, an autonomous institute of DST, with observations over Darjeeling and Mahabaleshwar.
What was Delhi's average AQI for July 2025, the best for the month since 2018, as reported on 31 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 78
The Environment Ministry said July 2025 recorded an average AQI of 78, in the 'Satisfactory' category.
How many 'Satisfactory' AQI days did Delhi record in July 2025?
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Correct answer: D — 29
July 2025 had 29 'Satisfactory' days (AQI 51–100), the highest since 2018.
Where was the indigenously built 1 MW green hydrogen plant commissioned by Sarbananda Sonowal on 31 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Deendayal Port, Kandla, Gujarat
The plant was commissioned at the Deendayal Port Authority, Kandla.
The National Green Hydrogen Mission, approved by the Union Cabinet on 4 January 2023, targets green hydrogen production capacity by 2030 of at least:
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Correct answer: B — 5 million metric tonnes a year
The Cabinet release of 4 January 2023 gives a target of at least 5 MMT a year by 2030, with an initial outlay of ₹19,744 crore.
Where was the 15th Conference of Parties (COP15) of the Ramsar Convention, which adopted India's wetlands resolution on 30 July 2025, held?
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Correct answer: C — Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe
Ramsar COP15 was held at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe.
India's resolution adopted at Ramsar COP15 on 30 July 2025 was titled:
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Correct answer: B — Promoting Sustainable Lifestyles for the Wise Use of Wetlands
The resolution was 'Promoting Sustainable Lifestyles for the Wise Use of Wetlands'.
According to the Environment Ministry, India's resolution at Ramsar COP15 received support from how many Ramsar Contracting Parties?
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Correct answer: A — 172
The release says the resolution received support from the 172 Ramsar Contracting Parties.
As stated on Global Tiger Day 2025, the number of tiger reserves in India has grown from 46 in 2014 to:
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Correct answer: B — 58
PIB (29 July 2025): tiger reserves increased from 46 in 2014 to 58.
Where were the national Global Tiger Day 2025 celebrations presided over by Bhupender Yadav held?
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Correct answer: D — National Zoological Park, New Delhi
PIB: the celebrations were held at the National Zoological Park, New Delhi.
Consider the following statements made on Global Tiger Day 2025: 1. Over 1 lakh saplings will be planted across all 58 tiger reserves. 2. The International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) has 24 countries on board. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — Both 1 and 2
PIB: over 1 lakh saplings across all 58 tiger reserves; 24 countries on board IBCA. Both are correct.
Where has the Commission for Air Quality Management set up a dedicated year-round cell for paddy stubble management, as announced on 29 July 2025?
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Correct answer: D — SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab
PIB (29 July 2025): CAQM established a Dedicated CAQM Cell at Kisan Vikas Chamber, Kalkat Bhawan, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab.
Besides paddy stubble management, the new CAQM cell in Mohali will monitor pollution control in identified thermal power plants with a focus on:
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Correct answer: C — Biomass co-firing
PIB: the cell will also monitor and coordinate air pollution control measures in identified thermal power plants, particularly biomass co-firing.
Under Section 3(2)(c) of the Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas Act, 2021, the five ex officio State Members of CAQM come from:
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Correct answer: A — Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh
CAQM Act, 2021 (Act 29 of 2021), Section 3(2)(c): five ex officio Members who are Chief Secretaries or Secretaries in charge of environment in the NCT of Delhi and the States of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
Which Foundation Day of the Ministry of Earth Sciences was marked on 28 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 19th
PIB (28 July 2025): the 19th Foundation Day of the Ministry of Earth Sciences was marked at an event in New Delhi.
As stated at the MoES Foundation Day 2025, the number of Doppler weather radars in India has increased from 15 to:
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Correct answer: D — 41
PIB: Jitendra Singh noted that Doppler weather radars had increased from just 15 to 41.
Consider the following statements about the products launched on the 19th Foundation Day of MoES: 1. 14 products and initiatives were launched, including BharatFS-ERP. 2. They included seismic microzonation studies of four Indian cities. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — Both 1 and 2
PIB: 14 major products and initiatives were launched, including BharatFS-ERP and seismic microzonation studies of four Indian cities. Both correct.
What ex gratia did Uttarakhand CM Pushkar Singh Dhami announce after the Mansa Devi temple stampede in Haridwar on 27 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — ₹2 lakh for the families of the dead and ₹50,000 for the injured
The Indian Express and IANS (27 July 2025): CM Dhami announced ₹2 lakh for the families of the dead and ₹50,000 for the injured.
Consider the following statements about the Mansa Devi temple stampede of 27 July 2025: 1. It was triggered by a rumour that an electric wire had snapped and current was passing through the area. 2. The Haridwar District Magistrate was ordered to conduct a magisterial inquiry. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
The Hindu and The Indian Express: the stampede followed a rumour of a snapped electric line/current; IE: the Haridwar DM was ordered to conduct a magisterial inquiry. Both correct.
After the Jhalawar school building collapse of 25 July 2025, NHRC issued notices to the Chief Secretary of Rajasthan and the SP, Jhalawar, seeking a report within:
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Correct answer: D — Two weeks
PIB (NHRC, 26 July 2025): notices were issued calling for a detailed report within two weeks.
The National Human Rights Commission, which took suo motu cognizance of the Jhalawar school collapse, was set up on:
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Correct answer: A — 12 October 1993
PIB (NHRC 32nd Foundation Day): the Commission was set up on 12 October 1993.
At the meeting on 24 July 2025, Jal Shakti Minister C.R. Patil called for evaluating the impact of the Environmental Flow Notification of which year for the Ganga?
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Correct answer: A — 2018
PIB (24 July 2025): C.R. Patil highlighted the need to evaluate the impact of the 2018 Environmental Flow Notification.
'Samudra Prachet', launched by Goa Shipyard Ltd on 23 July 2025, is a:
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Correct answer: C — Pollution Control Vessel
PIB (23 July 2025): Samudra Prachet is the last of two indigenous Pollution Control Vessels constructed by GSL for the Indian Coast Guard.
What is the indigenous content of the Pollution Control Vessel 'Samudra Prachet'?
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Correct answer: D — 72%
PIB: with 72% indigenous content, the project has contributed to national capability-building.
Consider the following statements about 'Samudra Prachet' (July 2025): 1. It is fitted with two side-sweeping arms capable of collecting oil spills while underway. 2. It is the second of two Pollution Control Vessels built by GSL for the Indian Coast Guard, the first having been launched in August 2024. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — Both 1 and 2
PIB: the vessel has two side-sweeping arms to collect oil spills while underway; it is the last of two PCVs, and the first PCV was launched on 29 August 2024. Both correct.
Which institute leads the Winter Fog Experiment (WiFEX), which completed 10 years in 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
PIB (22 July 2025): WiFEX is led by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) under MoES, with support from IMD and NCMRWF.
The multi-sectoral central team ordered in July 2025 to study rising natural disasters in Himachal Pradesh includes experts from which of the following?
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Correct answer: C — NDMA, CBRI Roorkee, IITM Pune and IIT Indore
PIB (MHA): the team comprises experts from NDMA, CBRI Roorkee, IITM Pune, geologists and IIT Indore.
Consider the following statements about the Centre's response to the 2025 monsoon damage in Himachal Pradesh: 1. An Inter-Ministerial Central Team visited affected areas from 18 to 21 July 2025. 2. The Inter-Ministerial Central Team was deputed only after the state submitted its memorandum. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
PIB (MHA): the IMCT was visiting affected areas from 18-21 July 2025, so 1 is correct; it was deputed in advance, without waiting for the state's memorandum, so 2 is wrong.
According to the Home Ministry (20 July 2025), a high-level committee chaired by the Union Home Minister approved what outlay to Himachal Pradesh for recovery and reconstruction in areas hit by the 2023 floods, landslides and cloudbursts?
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Correct answer: D — Rs 2,006.40 crore
PIB 2146219: a high-level committee chaired by Amit Shah has already approved an outlay of Rs 2,006.40 crore to Himachal Pradesh for recovery and reconstruction for the disasters of 2023. The same release says 13 NDRF teams are deployed in the state.
What is the capacity of the Gorbea Solar Power Project inaugurated in Rajasthan on 19 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — 435 MW
PIB (MNRE): Union Minister Pralhad Joshi inaugurated the 435 megawatt Gorbea Solar Power Project in Rajasthan.
Which company developed the 435 MW Gorbea Solar Power Project in Rajasthan?
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Correct answer: C — Zelestra India
PIB (MNRE): the Gorbea Solar Power Project was developed by Zelestra India.
Consider the following statements: 1. The Gorbea Solar Power Project has a 25-year Power Purchase Agreement with the Solar Energy Corporation of India. 2. According to the MNRE Minister, nearly 70 percent of Rajasthan's power capacity now comes from renewable energy. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MNRE): the project is backed by a 25-year PPA with SECI, and Joshi said almost 70 percent of Rajasthan's power capacity is now from renewable energy. Both statements are correct.
Which new lichen species from the Western Ghats was reported by MACS-Agharkar Research Institute in July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Allographa effusosoredica
PIB (S&T): scientists uncovered a previously unknown lichen species, Allographa effusosoredica, from the Western Ghats.
The algal partner (photobiont) identified in the new lichen Allographa effusosoredica belongs to which genus?
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Correct answer: D — Trentepohlia
PIB (S&T): the integrative study unveiled its algal partner, a Trentepohlia species.
Which three cities entered the new 'Super Swachh League' at the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 awards on 17 July 2025?
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Correct answer: A — Indore, Surat and Navi Mumbai
PIB (MoHUA): Indore, Surat and Navi Mumbai entered the premier Super Swachh League; Ahmedabad, Bhopal and Lucknow emerged as the new clean cities.
Which city won the award for 'Best Ganga Town' in Swachh Survekshan 2024-25?
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Correct answer: C — Prayagraj
PIB (MoHUA): Union Minister Manohar Lal presented the award for Best Ganga Town to Prayagraj.
Consider the following statements about initiatives announced at the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 awards: 1. Under the Swachh City Partnership, each of the 78 top-performing cities will mentor one poor-performing city from its State. 2. The Accelerated Dumpsite Remediation programme is a one-year programme starting from 15 August 2025. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: C — Both 1 and 2
PIB (MoHUA): all 78 top-performing cities will adopt and mentor one poor-performing city each from their States; the 1-year Accelerated Dumpsite Remediation programme starts from 15 August 2025. Both are correct.
The revamped Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 framework, which let smaller cities compete on an equal footing with larger ones, featured:
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Correct answer: D — 10 new parameters and five population categories
PIB (MoHUA): Secretary Srinivas Katikithala said the revamped framework, featuring 10 new parameters and five distinct population categories, enabled smaller cities to compete on an equal footing.
Under the 'One City, One Award' principle in Swachh Survekshan 2024-25, how many cities across States and UTs were recognised as Promising Swachh Shehars?
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Correct answer: B — 34
PIB (MoHUA): following the 'One City, One Award' principle, a total of 34 cities across States and UTs were recognised as Promising Swachh Shehars. (23 = Super Swachh League cities felicitated; 43 = national awards; 78 = mentor cities.)
The first high-resolution, continuous online measurements of key greenhouse gases in the Central Himalayas, reported in July 2025, were made by scientists of which institute?
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Correct answer: D — Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Nainital
PIB (DST): the study was performed by ARIES, an autonomous institute under DST, using data collected over five years at a high-altitude site in Nainital.
Consider the following findings of the ARIES study on greenhouse gases in the Central Himalayas: 1. Carbon dioxide reaches its lowest levels during daylight hours due to active photosynthesis. 2. Methane levels are highest in spring. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
PIB (DST): carbon dioxide reaches its lowest levels during daylight due to active photosynthesis, so 1 is correct; it is carbon dioxide that rises in spring, while methane is highest in autumn, so 2 is wrong.
At the 16 July 2025 meeting chaired by the Union Jal Shakti Minister, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana agreed to install telemetry devices for real-time monitoring of water flows in which basin?
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Correct answer: D — Krishna
PIB (Jal Shakti): both states agreed on the installation of telemetry devices for real-time monitoring of water flows in the Krishna Basin.
Immediate maintenance measures were agreed at the 16 July 2025 AP–Telangana meeting to safeguard which dam?
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Correct answer: B — Srisailam
PIB (Jal Shakti): it was agreed that immediate measures would be taken to address the maintenance issues to safeguard Srisailam dam.
Consider the following statements about the outcomes of the AP–Telangana meeting on 16 July 2025: 1. The office of the Krishna River Management Board will be shifted to Vijayawada/Amaravati. 2. The remaining issues were referred to a tribunal. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: A — 1 only
PIB (Jal Shakti): both states agreed the KRMB office would be shifted to Vijayawada/Amaravati, so 1 is correct; remaining issues go to a committee of senior officials and technical experts from both states and the Centre, not a tribunal, so 2 is wrong.
India reached 50% non-fossil share in installed power capacity by 30 June 2025. How far ahead of the target year was this, according to MNRE?
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Correct answer: D — Five years
MNRE: achieving 50% non-fossil fuel capacity five years ahead of the 2030 target.
Consider the following statements about India's installed electricity capacity as on 30 June 2025: 1. Total installed capacity was 484.82 GW. 2. Renewable energy (excluding large hydro) accounted for 184.62 GW. 3. Nuclear capacity exceeded 20 GW. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is wrong: nuclear capacity was 8.78 GW (1.81%).
According to the MNRE release of 14 July 2025, India is moving towards what non-fossil capacity goal by 2030?
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Correct answer: A — 500 GW
MNRE: 'As the country moves toward the goal of 500 GW of non-fossil capacity by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2070'.
At the Yamuna rejuvenation review on 11 July 2025, Amit Shah directed that STP capacity for the Yamuna be raised to what level by 2028?
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Correct answer: D — 1,500 MGD
MHA: the Home Minister directed to increase the capacity of STPs for the Yamuna to 1,500 MGD by 2028.
Which body was the Delhi Government asked to work with to manage waste from dairies and cow shelters, at the Yamuna review of 11 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)
MHA: the Delhi government should work with the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) to manage waste generated from dairies and cow shelters.
Treated water from which Delhi sewage treatment plant is to be released downstream of the Yamuna, as directed on 11 July 2025?
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Correct answer: B — Okhla
MHA: treated water from Okhla should be released into the downstream of Yamuna to improve the water quality of the river.
What is the maximum incentive per vehicle under the e-truck scheme launched under PM E-DRIVE on 11 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — ₹9.6 lakh
Ministry of Heavy Industries: the incentive depends on GVW, with the maximum set at ₹9.6 lakh per vehicle.
Approximately how many electric trucks is the PM E-DRIVE e-truck scheme expected to support?
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Correct answer: A — 5,600
Ministry of Heavy Industries: the scheme is expected to support the deployment of approximately 5,600 e-trucks across the country.
Consider the following statements about the e-truck incentive scheme (July 2025): 1. N2 category covers trucks with GVW above 3.5 tonnes and up to 12 tonnes. 2. N3 category covers trucks with GVW above 12 tonnes and up to 55 tonnes. 3. The battery must carry a warranty of three years or 3 lakh km. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
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Correct answer: B — 1 and 2 only
Statements 1 and 2 are correct as per the CMVR categories cited by the Ministry. Statement 3 is wrong: the battery warranty must be five years or 5 lakh km, whichever is earlier.
What total amount did the Centre approve on 10 July 2025 for six flood- and landslide-affected states as the Central share of SDRF?
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Correct answer: B — ₹1,066.80 crore
MHA: the Central Government approved the release of ₹1,066.80 crore to Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Kerala and Uttarakhand.
Which state received the largest share in the SDRF release of 10 July 2025?
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Correct answer: C — Uttarakhand
MHA: Uttarakhand received ₹455.60 crore, followed by Assam with ₹375.60 crore.
The ₹1,066.80 crore released to six states on 10 July 2025 was given from which fund?
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Correct answer: D — Central share of the State Disaster Response Fund
MHA: the amounts were released as the Central share from the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF).
Scientists of which institute studied Karewa leaf fossils to reconstruct Kashmir's ancient climate (reported July 2025)?
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Correct answer: D — Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow
DST: researchers from the Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences (BSIP), Lucknow, carried out the study.
The BSIP study linked the change in Kashmir's climate to the uplift of which mountain range, which blocked the summer monsoon?
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Correct answer: A — Pir Panjal Range
DST: the researchers linked the shift to the tectonic uplift of the Pir Panjal Range, which blocked the Indian summer monsoon from reaching the valley.
Which method did the BSIP scientists use to estimate past temperature and rainfall from the shape, size and margins of fossil leaves?
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Correct answer: B — CLAMP (Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program)
DST: using CLAMP, the scientists examined the shape, size and margins of fossil leaves to determine temperature and rainfall patterns, cross-checked with the coexistence approach.
Under SBM-Urban, about how much land was reclaimed at Agra's Kuberpur legacy dumpsite, as highlighted in July 2025?
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Correct answer: D — About 47 acres
MoHUA: about 1.9 million metric tonnes of waste were removed, reclaiming about 47 acres of land at an estimated cost of ₹320 crore.