South America Current Affairs — Last 12 months | Daily News + MCQs

India and MERCOSUR sign protocol on electronic certificates of origin and launch talks to expand their trade pact

On 14 September 2026, India and MERCOSUR signed the First Additional Protocol to their Preferential Trade Agreement to accept electronic Certificates of Origin, and announced negotiations to expand the agreement.

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🏅 Hockey 📍 World Must know

Argentina win FIH Women's Hockey World Cup 2026, beating the Netherlands in shoot-out

Argentina won the FIH Hockey Women's World Cup 2026 on 29 August, beating hosts the Netherlands 3–1 in a shoot-out after a 1–1 draw in Amstelveen.

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 Chile Important

India and Chile push to conclude CEPA talks by year-end at Santiago meeting

Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal met Chilean Vice-Minister Paula Estévez Weinstein in Santiago on 26 August 2026 to advance the India–Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA).

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 Argentina Important

India–Argentina hold 4th Joint Trade Committee in Buenos Aires

India and Argentina held the 4th meeting of their Joint Trade Committee in Buenos Aires on 24 August 2026, advancing cooperation in lithium, farm market access and pharmaceuticals.

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🌐 International Organisations 📍 Maharashtra Important

12th BRICS Communications Ministers' Meeting held in Pune

India hosted the 12th BRICS Communications Ministers' Meeting in Pune on 21 August 2026, chaired by Jyotiraditya Scindia, and signed a telecom and ICT MoU with Brazil on the sidelines.

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🌐 International Relations 📍 South America Important

PM Modi congratulates Keiko Fujimori on winning Peru's presidential election

Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Keiko Fujimori on 4 July 2026 after Peru's electoral authority declared her the winner of the 7 June presidential runoff with 50.135% of the vote.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 South America

PM Modi congratulates Abelardo de la Espriella on winning Colombia's presidential election

Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Abelardo de la Espriella on 26 June 2026 on his victory in the Colombian presidential elections.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 India

Chile's Foreign Minister Francisco Pérez Mackenna visits India; both sides seek early conclusion of CEPA

On 13 May 2026 Chile's Foreign Minister Francisco Pérez Mackenna held talks with Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal in New Delhi, and both sides reaffirmed their commitment to an early conclusion of the India–Chile CEPA.

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🌐 Agreements & MoUs 📍 India

India and Brazil sign MoU on cooperation in the postal sector

India and Brazil signed a Memorandum of Understanding on postal sector cooperation during Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's State Visit, the Ministry of Communications announced on 22 February 2026.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 Brazil Must know

Modi and Lula hold talks in New Delhi; India and Brazil aim to take trade beyond $20 billion in five years

Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva held talks at Hyderabad House, New Delhi, on 21 February 2026 and committed to taking bilateral trade beyond $20 billion over the next five years.

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🌐 Agreements & MoUs 📍 Brazil Important

India and Brazil sign MoUs on steel-sector minerals, drug regulation and MSMEs

India and Brazil signed MoUs on minerals for the steel sector, pharmaceutical and medical product regulation, and MSME cooperation in New Delhi on 21 February 2026, during President Lula's State Visit.

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🌐 Agreements & MoUs 📍 Brazil Important

India and Brazil exchange TKDL access agreement; Brazil's patent office gets India's traditional knowledge database

The Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) access agreement between India's CSIR and Brazil's National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) was exchanged in New Delhi on 21 February 2026 in the presence of PM Modi and President Lula.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 South America

PM Modi receives call from Venezuela's Acting President Delcy Rodríguez

On 30 January 2026 PM Narendra Modi received a telephone call from Venezuela's Acting President Delcy Eloína Rodríguez Gómez; both agreed to deepen the India-Venezuela partnership.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 Brazil

PM Modi and Brazil's President Lula reaffirm strategic partnership in phone call

PM Narendra Modi received a call from Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva on 22 January 2026; both reaffirmed the India–Brazil Strategic Partnership.

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🌾 Agriculture & Rural 📍 India

ICAR and Argentina's INTA sign Work Plan 2025–27 for agricultural research

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and Argentina's National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) exchanged a signed Work Plan 2025–2027 on 17 December 2025.

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🌐 Summits & Conferences 📍 South Africa Must know

PM Modi attends IBSA Leaders' Meeting in Johannesburg, proposes IBSA Digital Innovation Alliance

PM Narendra Modi took part in the India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) Leaders' Meeting in Johannesburg on 23 November 2025, hosted by South African President Cyril Ramaphosa and attended by Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

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🌿 Climate Change 📍 Brazil Must know

At COP30 closing in Belém, India welcomes Just Transition Mechanism, presses on climate finance

India delivered a high-level statement at the Closing Plenary of the UNFCCC COP30 in Belém, Brazil, on 22 November 2025, welcoming several decisions including the establishment of the Just Transition Mechanism.

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🌿 Climate Change 📍 India Must know

India's national statement at COP30: 'a COP of Implementation'

Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav delivered India's National Statement at the High-Level Segment of COP30 to the UNFCCC in Belém, Brazil on 17 November 2025, calling for it to be a 'COP of Implementation' and a 'COP of Delivery on Promises'.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 Brazil

3rd International Ayurveda Conference in São Paulo marks 40 years of Ayurveda in Brazil

The 3rd International Ayurveda Conference, organised by the Swami Vivekananda Cultural Centre and Conayur in São Paulo, Brazil on 14–15 November 2025, commemorated 40 years of Ayurveda in Brazil.

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🌿 Climate Change 📍 Brazil Important

India speaks for BASIC and LMDC groups at COP30 opening plenary in Belém

India delivered statements on behalf of the BASIC group (Brazil, South Africa, India, China) and the Like-Minded Developing Countries (LMDC) at the opening plenary of the UNFCCC COP30 in Belém, Brazil, on 11 November 2025, stressing equity and climate finance.

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🌿 Climate Change 📍 Brazil Important

India stresses equity and CBDR-RC at COP30 Leaders' Summit in Belém; joins Tropical Forests Forever Facility as observer

India's Ambassador to Brazil Dinesh Bhatia delivered India's National Statement at the Leaders' Summit of COP30 in Belém, Brazil, on 7 November 2025, and India joined Brazil's Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) as an Observer.

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 South America Important

9th round of India–Peru Trade Agreement negotiations concludes in Lima

The 9th round of India–Peru Trade Agreement negotiations, held in Lima, Peru, from 3 to 5 November 2025, concluded with substantive progress, including on a Critical Minerals chapter.

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 Chile Important

India and Chile conclude third round of CEPA negotiations in Santiago

The third round of negotiations for an India-Chile Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) was held in Santiago, Chile, from 27 to 30 October 2025.

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 Brazil Important

India and Brazil issue Joint Declaration to deepen the MERCOSUR–India Preferential Trade Agreement

On 16 October 2025 in New Delhi, Brazil's Vice President Geraldo Alckmin and Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal issued a Joint Declaration to substantially expand the MERCOSUR–India Preferential Trade Agreement, aiming to conclude talks within a year of their launch.

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🌿 Climate Change 📍 Brazil Important

At Pre-COP30 in Brasilia, India calls for COP30 to be the 'COP of Adaptation'

On 13 October 2025 in Brasilia, Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav, leading India at the Pre-COP30 Ministerial Roundtable, said COP30 in Belém (10–21 November 2025) should be the 'COP of Adaptation'.

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🌐 Bilateral Relations 📍 Brazil

7th India–Brazil Trade Monitoring Mechanism meets in New Delhi; India–MERCOSUR PTA expansion discussed

On 7 October 2025 the 7th meeting of the India–Brazil Trade Monitoring Mechanism was held at Vanijya Bhawan, New Delhi, co-chaired by Commerce Secretary Rajesh Agrawal and Brazil's Secretary of Foreign Trade Tatiana Lacerda Prazeres.

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