📑 Is page ke topics (Jump to Topic):
📌 1. Homonym, Homophone, Homograph
| Type | Matlab | Udaharan |
|---|---|---|
| Homonym | Same spelling + same sound, alag arth | bank (river bank / money bank), bat, bear, fair, match |
| Homophone | Same sound, alag spelling aur arth | their / there, principal / principle, flour / flower |
| Homograph | Same spelling, alag uchcharan aur arth | lead (lɛd metal / liːd guide), tear, wind, bow, minute |
SSC mein "homonyms" ke sawaal zyada-tar fill-in-the-blank hote hain: do-teen milte-julte shabdon mein se sahi chunna. Sentence ka arth aur part of speech (noun/verb/adjective) dekhkar chunen.
📌 2. 40 high-frequency confusable pairs
| Word 1 | Word 2 | Fark / trick |
|---|---|---|
| accept (sweekar karna) | except (ke siva) | verb vs preposition |
| affect (prabhav dalna (verb)) | effect (parinaam (noun)) | A = Action (verb), E = End result (noun) |
| advice (salah (noun)) | advise (salah dena (verb)) | -ice noun, -ise verb |
| altar (vedi) | alter (badalna) | — |
| berth (train ki seat) | birth (janm) | — |
| breath (saans (noun)) | breathe (saans lena (verb)) | — |
| cite (hawala dena) | site / sight (jagah / drishya) | — |
| complement (poora karne wala) | compliment (prashansa) | — |
| council (parishad) | counsel (salah; vakil) | — |
| desert (registan; chhod dena) | dessert (meetha) | dessert mein double s = sweet stuff |
| dual (dohra) | duel (do logon ki ladai) | — |
| elicit (nikalwana) | illicit (avaidh) | — |
| eminent (prasiddh) | imminent (sir par khada) | — |
| hoard (jama karna) | horde (bheed) | — |
| lose (khona) | loose (dheela) | — |
| personal (niji) | personnel (karmchari) | — |
| plain (maidan; saada) | plane (vimaan; samtal) | — |
| precede (pehle aana) | proceed (aage badhna) | — |
| principal (pradhanacharya; mukhya) | principle (siddhant) | principal = pal (vyakti) |
| quiet (shaant) | quite (bilkul / kaafi) | — |
| stationary (sthir) | stationery (lekhan samagri) | stationERy = papER, lettER |
| steal (churana) | steel (ispat) | — |
| waive (maaf karna / chhodna) | wave (lehar; haath hilana) | — |
| weather (mausam) | whether (ki / ya nahi) | — |
| canvas (mota kapda) | canvass (vote/samarthan maangna) | — |
| coarse (khurdura) | course (path; kram) | — |
| ascent (chadhai) | assent (sahmati) | — |
| cereal (anaaj) | serial (kramik) | — |
| peace (shanti) | piece (tukda) | — |
| sole (akela; talwa) | soul (aatma) | — |
| storey (manzil) | story (kahani) | — |
| suite (kamron ka set) | sweet (meetha) | — |
| bare (nanga / khaali) | bear (bhalu; sehna) | — |
| flour (aata) | flower (phool) | — |
| emigrate (desh chhodkar jaana) | immigrate (desh mein aakar basna) | E = Exit, I = In |
| born (janma) | borne (uthaya / saha gaya) | — |
| capital (rajdhani; poonji) | capitol (US sansad bhawan) | — |
| envelop (lapetna (verb)) | envelope (lifafa (noun)) | — |
| lightening (halka karna) | lightning (bijli) | — |
| loath (anichhuk (adj)) | loathe (nafrat karna (verb)) | — |
📌 3. Sahi shabd chunne ki tricks
- Pehle part of speech dekhen: blank ke pehle "a/the/my" ho to noun (advice, effect, breath); "to/will/can" ho to verb (advise, affect, breathe).
- Sentence ka bhaav dekhen: "____ danger" = imminent (paas aata hua); "____ scientist" = eminent (prasiddh).
- Homograph ka uchcharan context se: "wind (hawa)" ≠ "wind the clock (waɪnd)".
⚠️ Exam Traps:
- "Practice" (noun) / "practise" (verb) — British English mein; American mein dono jagah "practice".
- "Stationary" aur "stationery" — exam ka sabse common trap.
📌 4. Practice MCQs
📝 Practice MCQs (SF Prep dwara taiyar — PYQ nahi)
Q1. The ____ of the school addressed the students in the morning assembly. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) principal
व्याख्या: Principal = school ka pradhan (vyakti). Principle = siddhant.
व्याख्या: Principal = school ka pradhan (vyakti). Principle = siddhant.
Q2. We bought new ____ — pens, paper and envelopes — for the office. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) stationery
व्याख्या: Stationery = lekhan samagri (pens, paper). Stationary = sthir.
व्याख्या: Stationery = lekhan samagri (pens, paper). Stationary = sthir.
Q3. The new rule will not ____ senior citizens. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) affect
व्याख्या: "will not" ke baad verb chahiye: affect (prabhav dalna). Effect noun hai.
व्याख्या: "will not" ke baad verb chahiye: affect (prabhav dalna). Effect noun hai.
Q4. Everyone attended the meeting ____ Ravi, who was ill. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) except
व्याख्या: Except = ke siva. Accept = sweekar karna.
व्याख्या: Except = ke siva. Accept = sweekar karna.
Q5. My father gave me a valuable piece of ____ before the interview. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) advice
व्याख्या: "a piece of ____" ke baad noun chahiye: advice (uncountable, isliye "advices" galat).
व्याख्या: "a piece of ____" ke baad noun chahiye: advice (uncountable, isliye "advices" galat).
Q6. The camel is called the ship of the ____. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) desert
व्याख्या: Desert = registan. Dessert = khane ke baad meetha.
व्याख्या: Desert = registan. Dessert = khane ke baad meetha.
Q7. Please keep ____ in the library. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) quiet
व्याख्या: Keep + adjective: quiet (shaant). Quite = kaafi/bilkul.
व्याख्या: Keep + adjective: quiet (shaant). Quite = kaafi/bilkul.
Q8. Hold the bag tightly or you will ____ your ticket. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) lose
व्याख्या: Lose = khona (verb). Loose = dheela (adjective).
व्याख्या: Lose = khona (verb). Loose = dheela (adjective).
Q9. The lawyer will ____ his client before the hearing. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) counsel
व्याख्या: Counsel = salah dena. Council = parishad. Consul = videshi rajnayik adhikari.
व्याख्या: Counsel = salah dena. Council = parishad. Consul = videshi rajnayik adhikari.
Q10. I am not sure ____ he will come to the party. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) whether
व्याख्या: Whether = ki/ya nahi (conjunction). Weather = mausam.
व्याख्या: Whether = ki/ya nahi (conjunction). Weather = mausam.
Q11. The bank agreed to ____ the late-payment fee. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) waive
व्याख्या: Waive = maaf karna/chhod dena. Wave = lehar ya haath hilana.
व्याख्या: Waive = maaf karna/chhod dena. Wave = lehar ya haath hilana.
Q12. The farmers grow wheat on the fertile ____ of Punjab. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) plains
व्याख्या: Plain = samtal maidan (yahan plural "plains"). Plane = vimaan.
व्याख्या: Plain = samtal maidan (yahan plural "plains"). Plane = vimaan.
Q13. He booked a lower ____ for his mother in the train. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) berth
व्याख्या: Berth = train/jahaaz ki seat. Birth = janm.
व्याख्या: Berth = train/jahaaz ki seat. Birth = janm.
Q14. Stand by the window and take a deep ____. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) breath
व्याख्या: "a deep ____" ke baad noun: breath (saans). Breathe verb hai.
व्याख्या: "a deep ____" ke baad noun: breath (saans). Breathe verb hai.
Q15. She was delighted when her teacher paid her a ____ on her essay. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) compliment
व्याख्या: Compliment = prashansa. Complement = poora karne wali cheez.
व्याख्या: Compliment = prashansa. Complement = poora karne wali cheez.
Q16. Seeing the ____ danger of a flood, the villagers moved to higher ground. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) imminent
व्याख्या: Imminent = sir par khada (jaldi hone wala). Eminent = prasiddh.
व्याख्या: Imminent = sir par khada (jaldi hone wala). Eminent = prasiddh.
Q17. The police officer tried to ____ the truth from the witness. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) elicit
व्याख्या: Elicit = (jaankari) nikalwana — verb. Illicit = avaidh — adjective.
व्याख्या: Elicit = (jaankari) nikalwana — verb. Illicit = avaidh — adjective.
Q18. In old times, two swordsmen would fight a ____ to settle a quarrel. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) duel
व्याख्या: Duel = do vyaktiyon ki ladai. Dual = dohra.
व्याख्या: Duel = do vyaktiyon ki ladai. Dual = dohra.
Q19. The new railway bridge is made of ____. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) steel
व्याख्या: Steel = ispat. Steal = churana.
व्याख्या: Steel = ispat. Steal = churana.
Q20. The miser used to ____ gold coins under his bed. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) hoard
व्याख्या: Hoard = chhupakar jama karna. Horde = bheed.
व्याख्या: Hoard = chhupakar jama karna. Horde = bheed.