📑 Topics on this page (Jump to Topic):
📌 1. Basic Relation Table
| Relation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Father's/Mother's father | Grandfather |
| Father's brother | Uncle |
| Mother's brother | Maternal uncle |
| Father's sister / Mother's sister | Aunt |
| Brother's/Sister's son | Nephew |
| Brother's/Sister's daughter | Niece |
| Wife's brother / Husband's sister | Brother/Sister-in-law |
| Son's wife | Daughter-in-law |
| Uncle's/Aunt's child | Cousin |
📌 2. Rules for Drawing a Family Tree
- Put generations top-to-bottom, the same generation side by side.
- Male = □ or +, Female = ○ or −; couple = ═, siblings = —.
- If gender is unknown, the answer may be 'cannot be determined'.
⚠️ Exam Traps:
- 'A is B's brother' does not tell B's gender.
- 'My father's only son' = myself (if the speaker is male).
📌 3. Pointing-type Questions
Solve from the end. 'She is the daughter of my mother's only son' → mother's only son = me (male speaker) → my daughter.
💡 Memory Tip: Always tie 'my' to the speaker and 'his/her' to the person pointed at.
📌 4. Coded Relations
Example: A + B = A is B's father; A − B = A is B's wife; A × B = A is B's brother; A ÷ B = A is B's daughter. 'P + Q × R' → P is Q's father and Q is R's brother → P is R's father.
📌 5. Practice MCQs
📝 Practice MCQs (prepared by SF Prep — not PYQs)
Q1. A is B's brother. B is C's sister. C is D's son. How is A related to D? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
A, B and C are siblings and C is D's son, so A (male) is also D's son.
A, B and C are siblings and C is D's son, so A (male) is also D's son.
Q2. Pointing to a girl, Ram said, 'She is the daughter of my mother's only son.' How is the girl related to Ram? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
Ram's mother's only son is Ram himself, so the girl is Ram's daughter.
Ram's mother's only son is Ram himself, so the girl is Ram's daughter.
Q3. How is my father's brother's son related to me? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Father's brother = uncle; uncle's son = cousin.
Father's brother = uncle; uncle's son = cousin.
Q4. P is Q's mother. Q is R's brother. R is S's father. How is P related to S? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
P is also R's mother and R is S's father, so P is S's grandmother.
P is also R's mother and R is S's father, so P is S's grandmother.
Q5. Pointing to a man, Sita said, 'He is the son of my father's only son.' How is the man related to Sita? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Sita's father's only son = Sita's brother; brother's son = nephew.
Sita's father's only son = Sita's brother; brother's son = nephew.
Q6. How is my mother's brother related to me? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
A mother's brother is the maternal uncle.
A mother's brother is the maternal uncle.
Q7. A is B's wife. C is A's son. D is B's sister. How is D related to C? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
C is also B's son; B's sister D is C's paternal aunt (father's sister).
C is also B's son; B's sister D is C's paternal aunt (father's sister).
Q8. If A + B means A is B's father and A × B means A is B's brother, what does P + Q × R mean? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
P is Q's father; Q is R's brother → P is R's father too.
P is Q's father; Q is R's brother → P is R's father too.
Q9. X is Y's brother. What can be said about Y's gender? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
The statement tells only X's gender (male), not Y's.
The statement tells only X's gender (male), not Y's.
Q10. How is my son's wife related to me? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
A son's wife is the daughter-in-law.
A son's wife is the daughter-in-law.
Q11. A is B's father. C is B's only sister. D is C's husband. How is D related to A? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
C is A's daughter; a daughter's husband is the son-in-law.
C is A's daughter; a daughter's husband is the son-in-law.
Q12. A woman says, 'How is my only sister's son related to me?' Practice
Correct answer: (A)
A sister's son is a nephew.
A sister's son is a nephew.
Q13. How is the only daughter-in-law of my father's father related to me? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Grandfather's only daughter-in-law = father's wife = mother.
Grandfather's only daughter-in-law = father's wife = mother.
Q14. A is B's son. C is A's mother. D is C's husband. How is D related to A? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
D, the husband of A's mother C, is A's father.
D, the husband of A's mother C, is A's father.
Q15. P is Q's sister. R is Q's father. S is R's mother. How is P related to S? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
P is R's daughter and S is R's mother, so P is S's granddaughter.
P is R's daughter and S is R's mother, so P is S's granddaughter.
Q16. Showing a photo, Amit said, 'His brother is my father's only son.' How is the person in the photo related to Amit? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
Amit's father's only son = Amit; the photo person's brother is Amit, so he is Amit's brother.
Amit's father's only son = Amit; the photo person's brother is Amit, so he is Amit's brother.
Q17. A − B = A is B's wife; A ÷ B = A is B's daughter; A + B = A is B's father. What does M − N + O mean? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
M is N's wife; N is O's father → M is O's mother.
M is N's wife; N is O's father → M is O's mother.
Q18. How is my wife's brother related to me? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
A wife's brother is the brother-in-law.
A wife's brother is the brother-in-law.
Q19. A family has a grandfather and grandmother, their 2 sons with their wives, and each couple has 2 children. How many members in all? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
2 (grandparents) + 4 (two couples) + 4 (children) = 10.
2 (grandparents) + 4 (two couples) + 4 (children) = 10.
Q20. Q is P's sister. R is Q's son. S is P's son. How is S related to R? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
P and Q are siblings; their children S and R are cousins.
P and Q are siblings; their children S and R are cousins.