📑 Topics on this page (Jump to Topic):
📌 1. The 12 Schedules
| Schedule | Subject |
|---|---|
| 1st | Names and territories of states and UTs |
| 2nd | Emoluments of President, Governors, Speakers, judges, CAG etc. |
| 3rd | Oaths and affirmations (President's and VP's oaths are not here — Art. 60, 69) |
| 4th | Allocation of Rajya Sabha seats |
| 5th | Administration of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes |
| 6th | Tribal areas of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram (autonomous district councils) |
| 7th | Union, State and Concurrent Lists |
| 8th | 22 languages |
| 9th | Land reform etc. laws — protection from judicial review (1st Amendment 1951) |
| 10th | Anti-defection (52nd, 1985) |
| 11th | Panchayats — 29 subjects (73rd) |
| 12th | Municipalities — 18 subjects (74th) |
💡 Memory Tip: Remember: "4 = RS seats, 6 = four NE states (AMTM), 10 = defection".
📌 2. Official Language (Part XVII, Art. 343–351)
- Art. 343: official language of the Union is Hindi in Devanagari script; international form of numerals. English continues under the Official Languages Act 1963.
- Art. 344: Official Language Commission (first: B.G. Kher, 1955) and parliamentary committee. Art. 348: language of SC/HCs is English. Art. 350A: mother-tongue instruction at primary stage; 350B: special officer for linguistic minorities. Art. 351: directive for development of Hindi.
- 8th Schedule: originally 14; Sindhi (21st, 1967); Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali (71st, 1992); Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santhali (92nd, 2003) = 22.
- Hindi Diwas — 14 Sept (Constituent Assembly adopted Hindi in 1949). Classical languages (executive status): Tamil first (2004) — with Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali added in Oct 2024, total 11.
📌 3. Quick Revision — Important Articles
| Article | Subject | Article | Subject |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Union of States | 280 | Finance Commission |
| 14 | Equality before law | 300A | Right to property |
| 17 | Abolition of untouchability | 312 | All-India Services |
| 21 / 21A | Life / Education | 315 | Public Service Commissions |
| 32 | Constitutional remedies | 324 | Election Commission |
| 44 | Uniform Civil Code | 326 | Adult suffrage |
| 51A | Fundamental Duties | 338 / 338A / 338B | NCSC / NCST / NCBC |
| 72 / 161 | Pardon (President / Governor) | 343 | Official language |
| 76 / 165 | AG / Advocate General | 352 / 356 / 360 | Emergencies |
| 110 | Money bill | 368 | Amendment |
| 112 | Annual Financial Statement | 370 | J&K temporary provision (inoperative since 2019) |
| 123 / 213 | Ordinance | 371 | Special provisions for some states |
| 143 | SC advisory | 148 | CAG |
| Part | Subject | Part | Subject |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Union & territory | IX / IXA / IXB | Panchayats / Municipalities / Co-operatives |
| II / III / IV / IVA | Citizenship / FR / DPSP / FD | XI / XII | Centre-state relations / Finance |
| V / VI | Union / States | XIV / XIVA | Services / Tribunals |
| VIII | Union Territories | XV / XVII / XVIII / XX | Elections / Language / Emergency / Amendment |
⚠️ Exam Traps:
- Part VII (Part B states) was deleted by the 7th Amendment 1956.
- Art. 326 — adult suffrage (18); Art. 324 — ECI; Art. 329 — bar on court interference in electoral matters.
📌 4. Practice MCQs
📝 Practice MCQs (prepared by SF Prep — not PYQs)
Q1. Allocation of Rajya Sabha seats is in which Schedule? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Fourth Schedule.
Fourth Schedule.
Q2. Anti-defection provisions are in which Schedule? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
The 10th Schedule, by the 52nd Amendment.
The 10th Schedule, by the 52nd Amendment.
Q3. The Sixth Schedule relates to tribal areas of which states? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
AMTM — Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram.
AMTM — Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram.
Q4. Forms of oaths and affirmations are in which Schedule? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Third Schedule (President's and VP's oaths are in Art. 60 and 69).
Third Schedule (President's and VP's oaths are in Art. 60 and 69).
Q5. How many languages are in the 8th Schedule now? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
Originally 14; now 22.
Originally 14; now 22.
Q6. Which Article specifies the official language of the Union? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Art. 343 — Hindi in Devanagari.
Art. 343 — Hindi in Devanagari.
Q7. When is Hindi Diwas observed? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
On 14 Sept 1949 the Assembly adopted Hindi (10 Jan = World Hindi Day).
On 14 Sept 1949 the Assembly adopted Hindi (10 Jan = World Hindi Day).
Q8. Sindhi was added to the 8th Schedule by which amendment? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
21st Amendment 1967.
21st Amendment 1967.
Q9. Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali were added by which amendment? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
71st Amendment 1992.
71st Amendment 1992.
Q10. Who chaired the first Official Language Commission? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
B.G. Kher (1955); the parliamentary committee was chaired by G.B. Pant.
B.G. Kher (1955); the parliamentary committee was chaired by G.B. Pant.
Q11. The language of the SC and HCs is provided in which Article? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Art. 348 — English.
Art. 348 — English.
Q12. Instruction in mother tongue at the primary stage is provided in which Article? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
Art. 350A (7th Amendment).
Art. 350A (7th Amendment).
Q13. How many classical languages does India have after October 2024? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Adding Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali took it from 6 to 11.
Adding Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali took it from 6 to 11.
Q14. Which was the first language declared classical? Practice
Correct answer: (A)
Tamil, 2004.
Tamil, 2004.
Q15. Adult suffrage is provided in which Article? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
Art. 326 — 18 years.
Art. 326 — 18 years.
Q16. Which Schedule deals with administration of Scheduled Areas and STs (other than Sixth Schedule states)? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Fifth Schedule.
Fifth Schedule.
Q17. Emoluments of President, Governors and judges are in which Schedule? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Second Schedule.
Second Schedule.
Q18. Which Part of the Constitution deals with Union Territories? Practice
Correct answer: (B)
Part VIII (Art. 239–242).
Part VIII (Art. 239–242).
Q19. Which Part deals with co-operative societies? Practice
Correct answer: (C)
Part IXB, by the 97th Amendment.
Part IXB, by the 97th Amendment.
Q20. Which Article was made largely inoperative in August 2019? Practice
Correct answer: (D)
Most of Art. 370 was made inoperative by presidential order; upheld by SC in Dec 2023.
Most of Art. 370 was made inoperative by presidential order; upheld by SC in Dec 2023.