📑 Is page ke topics (Jump to Topic):
📌 1. A ya An — sound rule
| Rule | Examples |
|---|---|
| Vowel sound se shuru → an | an hour, an honest man, an MLA, an X-ray, an FIR, an heir |
| Consonant sound se shuru → a (chahe spelling vowel ho) | a university, a European, a one-rupee coin, a useful book, a unicorn |
| Silent h → an; pronounced h → a | an hour, an honour vs a house, a historic event |
💡 Yaad rakhne ki trick: Abbreviation ko bol kar dekho: M = "em" → an MA; U = "yoo" → a UN official; S = "es" → an SP.
📌 2. A/An ke uses
- Singular countable noun pehli baar: I saw a dog.
- Profession: She is a doctor. Rate: fifty rupees a kilo, twice a week.
- Exclamation: What a beautiful day! Phrases: a few, a little, a lot of, in a hurry, at a loss, make a noise.
📌 3. "The" ke uses
- Pehle se mention ya specific cheez: The dog I saw was black.
- Unique cheezein: the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky.
- Rivers, seas, oceans, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups: the Ganga, the Arabian Sea, the Himalayas, the Thar, the Andamans.
- Holy books, newspapers, ships, trains: the Gita, the Hindu, the Titanic, the Rajdhani Express.
- Superlative aur ordinal: the best, the first, the only. Musical instruments: play the guitar.
- Countries with plural/union names: the USA, the UK, the Netherlands, the Philippines.
- The + comparative … the + comparative: The more you read, the more you learn.
📌 4. Article kahan NAHI lagta
- Proper nouns, languages, subjects: Ram, Hindi, Physics (lekin the Hindi language).
- Meals, games, diseases (mostly): have lunch, play cricket, suffer from malaria.
- School, church, hospital, prison, bed — jab primary purpose ke liye: go to school (padhne), go to the school (kisi aur kaam se).
- Single mountain peaks, lakes, cities: Mount Everest, Dal Lake, Mumbai.
- By + transport: by bus, by train. Abstract/material nouns general sense mein: Honesty is the best policy. Gold is costly.
⚠️ Exam Traps:
- "A" + uncountable galat: a advice ❌ → a piece of advice ✅.
- Comparison mein Kalidas = proper noun as common: He is the Kalidas of India / a Shakespeare.
📌 5. Practice MCQs
📝 Practice MCQs (SF Prep dwara taiyar — PYQ nahi)
Q1. Choose the correct article: He is ______ honest man. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) an
व्याख्या: 'Honest' mein h silent hai, vowel sound 'o' se shuru → an.
व्याख्या: 'Honest' mein h silent hai, vowel sound 'o' se shuru → an.
Q2. Choose the correct article: She studies at ______ university in Pune. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) a
व्याख्या: 'University' ka sound 'yoo' (consonant) se shuru → a.
व्याख्या: 'University' ka sound 'yoo' (consonant) se shuru → a.
Q3. Choose the correct article: He is ______ MLA from Bhopal. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) an
व्याख्या: M ko 'em' bolte hain — vowel sound → an.
व्याख्या: M ko 'em' bolte hain — vowel sound → an.
Q4. Choose the correct article: I waited for ______ hour. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) an
व्याख्या: 'Hour' mein h silent → an.
व्याख्या: 'Hour' mein h silent → an.
Q5. Choose the correct option: ______ Ganga is a holy river. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) The
व्याख्या: Rivers ke naam se pehle 'the' lagta hai.
व्याख्या: Rivers ke naam se pehle 'the' lagta hai.
Q6. Choose the correct option: Mount Everest is ______ highest peak in the world. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) the
व्याख्या: Superlative (highest) se pehle 'the'.
व्याख्या: Superlative (highest) se pehle 'the'.
Q7. Choose the correct option: He goes to ______ church every Sunday to pray. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) no article
व्याख्या: Primary purpose (prayer) ke liye church/school/hospital ke saath article nahi.
व्याख्या: Primary purpose (prayer) ke liye church/school/hospital ke saath article nahi.
Q8. Choose the correct option: She plays ______ violin beautifully. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) the
व्याख्या: Musical instruments ke saath 'the'.
व्याख्या: Musical instruments ke saath 'the'.
Q9. Choose the correct option: We play ______ cricket in the evening. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) no article
व्याख्या: Games ke naam ke saath article nahi lagta.
व्याख्या: Games ke naam ke saath article nahi lagta.
Q10. Choose the correct option: The more you practise, ______ better you become. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) the
व्याख्या: Pattern: the + comparative …, the + comparative.
व्याख्या: Pattern: the + comparative …, the + comparative.
Q11. Choose the correct article: It was ______ unique experience. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) a
व्याख्या: 'Unique' ka sound 'yoo' (consonant) → a.
व्याख्या: 'Unique' ka sound 'yoo' (consonant) → a.
Q12. Choose the correct article: He gave me ______ useful piece of advice. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) a
व्याख्या: 'Useful' 'yoo' sound se shuru → a. 'Advice' uncountable hai, isliye 'piece of'.
व्याख्या: 'Useful' 'yoo' sound se shuru → a. 'Advice' uncountable hai, isliye 'piece of'.
Q13. Choose the correct option: ______ Himalayas protect India from cold winds. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) The
व्याख्या: Mountain ranges ke saath 'the'.
व्याख्या: Mountain ranges ke saath 'the'.
Q14. Identify the error: He is suffering from the malaria. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) the malaria
व्याख्या: Zyaadatar diseases ke saath article nahi lagta: suffering from malaria.
व्याख्या: Zyaadatar diseases ke saath article nahi lagta: suffering from malaria.
Q15. Choose the correct article: It is ______ European custom. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) a
व्याख्या: 'European' ka sound 'yoo' se shuru → a.
व्याख्या: 'European' ka sound 'yoo' se shuru → a.
Q16. Choose the correct option: Eggs sell at sixty rupees ______ dozen. Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) a
व्याख्या: Rate batane ke liye 'a': sixty rupees a dozen.
व्याख्या: Rate batane ke liye 'a': sixty rupees a dozen.
Q17. Choose the correct option: Kalidas is called ______ Shakespeare of India. Practice
सही उत्तर: (B) the
व्याख्या: Proper noun jab comparison mein common noun ki tarah aaye aur specific ho → the.
व्याख्या: Proper noun jab comparison mein common noun ki tarah aaye aur specific ho → the.
Q18. Choose the correct option: I read ______ Hindu every morning. Practice
सही उत्तर: (D) the
व्याख्या: Newspapers ke naam se pehle 'the'.
व्याख्या: Newspapers ke naam se pehle 'the'.
Q19. Choose the correct article: An FIR / A FIR — which is correct? Practice
सही उत्तर: (A) An FIR
व्याख्या: F ko 'ef' bolte hain — vowel sound → an.
व्याख्या: F ko 'ef' bolte hain — vowel sound → an.
Q20. Choose the correct option: She went to ______ hospital to visit her ailing friend. Practice
सही उत्तर: (C) the
व्याख्या: Wo ilaaj ke liye nahi, milne gayi — primary purpose nahi, isliye 'the hospital'.
व्याख्या: Wo ilaaj ke liye nahi, milne gayi — primary purpose nahi, isliye 'the hospital'.