India Current Affairs — Pichhle 12 mahine

🌿 Environment & Ecology 📍 India Must know

FAO GFRA 2025: forest area mein India 9th, annual forest gain mein 3rd

Bali mein jaari FAO ke Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025 mein India total forest area mein 10th se 9th par aaya aur annual forest gain mein 3rd raha (PIB, 22 Oct 2025).

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +8 3 MCQs

🔬 Science & Technology 📍 India Important

IIT Madras SHAKTI ke tahat India ka 7 nm processor design: PIB backgrounder

PIB backgrounder (22 Oct 2025): IIT Madras SHAKTI initiative ke tahat 7 nm processor bana raha hai; announcement Ashwini Vaishnaw ne 18 Oct 2025 ko kiya.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +7 2 MCQs

💹 Economy 📍 Ladakh Important

GST cut se Ladakh ki Pashmina, apricot, Namda aur tourism economy ko boost: PIB backgrounder

PIB backgrounder (22 Oct 2025): Pashmina, Namda rugs, apricots aur ₹7,500 tak ke hotel tariffs par GST 12% se 5% hone se Ladakh ke artisans, farmers aur homestays ko fayda.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 Haryana Important

Rajnath Singh ne Neeraj Chopra ko Territorial Army ka Honorary Lt Col insignia diya

22 Oct 2025 ko Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh ne South Block, New Delhi mein Neeraj Chopra ko Territorial Army mein Honorary Lieutenant Colonel ka insignia formally pehnaya.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

🚄 Railways, Roads & Aviation 📍 India

NHAI 23 states mein 20,933 km NH par Network Survey Vehicles lagayega

PIB (22 Oct 2025): NHAI 23 states mein 20,933 km National Highways par NSVs se road inventory aur pavement condition data collect karega.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🌿 Wildlife & Protected Areas 📍 Maharashtra

NBA ne Dapur BMC (Nashik, Maharashtra) ko ₹67 lakh diye

NBA ne Sinnar taluk, Nashik ki Dapur Biodiversity Management Committee ko soil microorganisms ke commercial use ke badle ₹67 lakh ABS amount diya (PIB, 22 Oct 2025).

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 Delhi

Rajnath Singh ne Lt Gen Raj Shukla ki civil-military fusion book launch ki; Op Sindoor = jointness

22 Oct 2025 ko New Delhi mein Rajnath Singh ne Lt Gen Raj Shukla (Retd) ki book 'Civil-Military Fusion as a Metric of National Power & Comprehensive Security' launch ki.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🚄 Energy & Power 📍 Tamil Nadu

Coal India aur IIT Madras ka MoU: Centre for Sustainable Energy

22 Oct 2025 ko Coal India ne IIT Madras (Chennai, Tamil Nadu) ke saath 'Centre for Sustainable Energy' banane ka MoU sign kiya.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🔬 Health & Medicine 📍 India

Health Ministry ke CPR Awareness Week mein 6 lakh+ logon ko compression-only CPR training

MoHFW ne 13–17 Oct 2025 pan-India CPR Awareness Week chalaya; 6,06,374 logon ko compression-only CPR training, 7.47 lakh+ citizens engaged.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Defence +1 2 MCQs

💹 Economy 📍 India

Amended VOPPA Order 2025: edible oil units ke liye registration aur monthly returns zaroori

22 Oct 2025 ko Food & Public Distribution Department ne kaha VOPPA Order ke tahat register na karne ya monthly returns na bharne wali edible oil units par penal action hoga.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Banking & Insurance +1 2 MCQs

🔬 IT, AI & Digital 📍 India

PSA Ajay Sood ne agriculture aur SMEs ke AI playbooks aur AI Sandbox white paper release kiye

PIB (22 Oct 2025): PSA Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood ne WEF C4IR India ke 'AI for India 2030' initiative ke tahat 2 AI playbooks aur 1 AI Sandbox white paper release kiya.

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🎓 Education, Health & Society 📍 India

Tribal Business Conclave 2025: 12 Nov ko Yashobhoomi, New Delhi

PIB (22 Oct 2025): Tribal Affairs Ministry, Culture Ministry aur DPIIT 12 Nov 2025 ko Yashobhoomi, New Delhi mein Tribal Business Conclave karenge — Birsa Munda ki 150th birth anniversary year.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Teaching +1 2 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 Goa Important

PM Modi ne Goa-Karwar ke paas INS Vikrant par Navy ke saath Diwali manayi

PIB (21 Oct 2025): PM Modi ne Goa aur Karwar ke paas western seaboard par INS Vikrant par naval personnel ke saath Diwali celebrate ki.

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🏛️ Elections 📍 Bihar Important

Bihar polls 2025: cVIGIL ki 94% complaints 100 minute mein resolve; ₹71.32 crore seized

ECI: 21 Oct 2025 tak Bihar election aur bye-elections ke liye ECINet ke cVIGIL app par 650 complaints; 94% 100 minute ke andar resolve.

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🕯️ Obituaries 📍 Maharashtra Important

'Sholay' ke jailer Govardhan Asrani ka 84 saal ki umr mein nidhan

Veteran actor Govardhan Asrani ka 20 Oct 2025 ko Mumbai mein 84 saal ki umr mein nidhan; PM Modi ne 21 Oct ko condolence diya.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 2 MCQs

💹 GDP, Inflation & Economic Data 📍 India Important

Sept 2025 mein eight core industries 3.0% badhe; steel +14.1%

21 Oct 2025: Index of Eight Core Industries Sept 2025 mein 3.0% (provisional) badha; steel 14.1% ke saath top.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +7 3 MCQs

📋 Central Schemes 📍 India Important

UDAN ke 9 saal: 649 routes, 93 unserved/underserved airports

21 Oct 2025 ko MoCA ne UDAN ki 9th anniversary manayi; 649 routes 93 unserved aur underserved airports ko jodte hain.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +7 3 MCQs

📅 Important Days & Themes 📍 Delhi Important

Police Commemoration Day 2025: Rajnath Singh ne National Police Memorial par wreath chadhaya

21 Oct 2025 (Police Commemoration Day) ko Rajnath Singh ne New Delhi ke National Police Memorial par wreath rakha — 1959 Hot Springs, Ladakh mein Chinese troops ke hamle mein shaheed 10 policemen ki yaad mein.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

💹 Economy 📍 Uttarakhand Important

GST cut se Uttarakhand ke hill farmers, crafts, tourism aur auto belt ko fayda: PIB backgrounder

PIB backgrounder (21 Oct 2025): Pahari Toor Dal, red rice, Lakhori Mirchi, Aipan, Ringal, hotels aur small vehicles par GST cut se Uttarakhand ko boost.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

💹 Economy 📍 India

CCI ne Torrent Pharma ke J.B. Chemicals acquisition ko voluntary modifications ke saath manzoori di

21 Oct 2025 ko CCI ne Torrent Pharmaceuticals dwara J.B. Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals ke acquisition ko parties ke voluntary modifications ke saath approve kiya.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Banking & Insurance +1 1 MCQs

🏛️ Governance & Administration 📍 Gujarat

Centre ne Gujarat aur Haryana ke rural local bodies ko ₹730 crore+ XV FC grants diye

21 Oct 2025: Centre ne Gujarat aur Haryana ke rural local bodies ko XV Finance Commission ke ₹730 crore+ untied grants release kiye.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🔬 IT, AI & Digital 📍 Tripura

TRAI ke Agartala (Tripura) aur Silchar (Assam) drive test results

21 Oct 2025 ko TRAI ne Aug 2025 mein Agartala (Tripura) aur Silchar-Hailakandi-Karimganj (Assam) mein kiye Independent Drive Tests ke results jaari kiye.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

💹 Markets & Finance 📍 India

PFRDA ka proposal: NPS/APY ke long-dated G-Secs ke liye dual valuation

PIB (21 Oct 2025): PFRDA ne NPS aur APY ke long-dated government securities ke liye 'accrual' + 'fair market' dual valuation ka consultation paper jaari kiya; comments 30 Nov 2025 tak.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Banking & Insurance +1 2 MCQs

🔬 Research & Discoveries 📍 India

IIA study: black hole radiation + radio jets milkar gas bahar nikalte hain, star formation dab sakta hai

PIB (21 Oct 2025): Indian Institute of Astrophysics ki study — supermassive black holes ka radiation aur radio jets galaxy centres se gas bahar dhakelte hain, jisse naye stars banna ruk sakta hai.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · Defence +1 2 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 Goa Important

INS Vikrant par PM Modi ka Diwali address: Op Sindoor, BrahMos-Akash, Maoist districts ab 11

20 Oct 2025 ko INS Vikrant par PM Modi ne kaha teeno Services ke coordination ne Op Sindoor mein Pakistan ko jaldi surrender karaya; Maoist-affected districts ~125 (pre-2014) se ghatkar 11.

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🌿 Pollution & Conservation 📍 Delhi Important

Delhi ki Diwali 2025 GRAP Stage II mein, hawa 'very poor'

20 Oct 2025 ko Delhi ne Diwali GRAP Stage II ke beech manayi — CAQM ne 19 Oct ko hourly AQI 300 paar hone par lagaya.

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🌿 Pollution & Conservation 📍 Delhi

WWF-India EIACP ka Mission LiFE ke tahat 'Green Diwali' campaign

20 Oct 2025: MoEFCC ke mutabik WWF-India ka EIACP Programme Centre Mission LiFE ke tahat 'Green Diwali' campaign chala raha hai; Rohini (Delhi) mein 'Breathable Art' installation.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 2 MCQs

🌟 Persons in News 📍 Kerala

President Murmu 21–24 Oct Kerala visit par, Sabarimala darshan bhi

20 Oct 2025 ko President's Secretariat ne bataya President Murmu 21–24 Oct Kerala jayengi; 22 Oct ko Sabarimala Temple mein darshan aur aarti.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 3 MCQs

🚄 Railways, Roads & Aviation 📍 India

Railways 12,011 festive special trains chala rahi; 1–19 Oct mein 1 crore+ passengers

20 Oct 2025 ko Ashwini Vaishnaw ne Railway Board War Room mein review kiya; Puja-Diwali-Chhath ke liye 12,011 specials (pichhle saal 7,724).

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💹 Trade & Industry 📍 Maharashtra

DRI 'Operation Fire Trail': Nhava Sheva par ₹4.82 crore ke 46,640 Chinese firecrackers seize

20 Oct 2025: DRI ne Nhava Sheva port (Maharashtra) par 46,640 Chinese firecrackers (₹4.82 crore) pakde; Veraval, Gujarat se ek arrest.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 3 MCQs