Current Affairs — 31 July 2025

📋 Central Schemes 📍 India Must know

Cabinet ne PMKSY outlay ₹6,520 crore kiya

31 July 2025 ko Cabinet ne PM Kisan Sampada Yojana ke liye ₹1,920 crore extra samet ₹6,520 crore approve kiye (2021-22 se 2025-26).

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +8 3 MCQs

💹 Trade & Industry 📍 United States Must know

US executive order: Indian goods par 25% reciprocal tariff

31 July 2025 ko Trump ne EO 14326 sign kiya; India par 25% tariff, 7 August 2025 se lagu.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +8 3 MCQs

🏛️ Polity & Governance 📍 India Must know

VP Election 2025: ECI ne Electoral College list final ki

31 July 2025 ko ECI ne Rule 40 ke tahat Vice-Presidential Election 2025 ki Electoral College list final ki.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +8 3 MCQs

🏛️ Judiciary & Judgements 📍 Maharashtra Must know

2008 Malegaon blast case: Special NIA court ne saaton accused ko bari kiya

31 July 2025 ko Mumbai ki special NIA court ne Pragya Singh Thakur aur Lt Col Purohit samet saaton accused ko benefit of doubt dekar bari kiya.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

🌿 Pollution & Conservation 📍 Delhi Important

Delhi mein July 2025 ka AQI 78, 2018 ke baad sabse achha

Environment Ministry ke mutabik July 2025 mein Delhi ka average AQI 78 ('Satisfactory') raha; 29 satisfactory din.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 2 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 West Bengal Important

Project 17A frigate Himgiri Navy ko deliver, GRSE Kolkata

31 July 2025 ko Nilgiri class ka teesra aur GRSE ka pehla P17A frigate Himgiri Navy ko mila.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 3 MCQs

🛡️ Defence & Security 📍 Maharashtra Important

Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan bane Western Naval Command ke FOC-in-C

31 July 2025 ko VAdm Krishna Swaminathan ne VAdm Sanjay J Singh ki jagah Western Naval Command ka charge liya.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 2 MCQs

🚄 Railways, Roads & Aviation 📍 India Important

CCEA ne ₹11,169 crore ke 4 railway multitracking projects approve kiye

31 July 2025 ko CCEA ne 4 rail projects approve kiye; 6 States ke 13 districts mein ~574 km network badhega.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +7 2 MCQs

🚄 Energy & Power 📍 Gujarat Important

Kandla ke Deendayal Port par 1 MW green hydrogen plant shuru

31 July 2025 ko Sonowal ne Deendayal Port, Kandla mein 1 MW green hydrogen plant ka udghatan kiya.

For: State PSC · State Police · State Staff Selection +2 2 MCQs

📋 Central Schemes 📍 India Important

Cabinet ne NCDC ke liye ₹2,000 crore grant-in-aid scheme approve ki

31 July 2025 ko Cabinet ne NCDC ko 2025-26 se 2028-29 tak ₹2,000 crore grant (₹500 crore/saal) approve kiya.

For: UPSC Civil Services · State PSC · SSC +7 2 MCQs

🔬 Health & Medicine 📍 Jharkhand

President Murmu AIIMS Deoghar ke pehle convocation mein

31 July 2025 ko President Murmu ne Deoghar (Jharkhand) mein AIIMS Deoghar ke pehle convocation mein hissa liya.

For: State PSC · Judiciary 1 MCQs